To test if the transit of a nanoparticle across different organs in the body affects its properties at the final destination, we devised an in vitro system that mimics the passage of nanoparticles from the blood to the lung to the brain and, occasionally, back to the blood. Each of the three media provided a unique corona to the nanoparticles, comprising mainly secreted, blood-specific proteins in the plasma and membrane proteins in the lung and the brain. The hard corona changed during the transit of the nanoparticle between different organs. Cellular uptake, antibacterial activity, and drug release kinetics were analyzed to assess the difference in the biological response to nanoparticles depending on the transit route. Drug release assays most consistently demonstrated the effects of the history of the nanoparticle passage across different media on its present properties. Both the uptake analysis and antibacterial assays showed that the key proteins for these two processes in the brain replace their analogues from the lung, but are ineffective in replacing the blood plasma content from the nanoparticle surface. Notwithstanding that some routes can erase the history of the passage of the nanoparticle across different organs, the route traversed by it mostly affects the properties it displays at the destination. A nanoparticle sent to a circular journey through an array of media can have different properties upon its return to the point of origin. History is an essential determinant of the properties of nanoparticles in biological milieus, the memory of which is inscribed in the nanoparticle corona.

为了测试纳米粒子在体内不同器官之间的迁移是否会影响最终目的地的特性，我们设计了一种体外系统，该系统模拟纳米粒子从血液到肺部到大脑再到脑部的通道。血液。三种介质分别为纳米颗粒提供独特的电晕，包括血浆中主要分泌的血液特异性蛋白以及肺和脑中的膜蛋白。硬质电晕在纳米粒子在不同器官之间迁移的过程中发生了变化。分析细胞摄取，抗菌活性和药物释放动力学，以评估对转运途径的纳米颗粒生物学反应的差异。药物释放测定最一致地证明了纳米粒子穿过不同介质的历史对其当前特性的影响。摄取分析和抗菌测定均表明，大脑中这两个过程的关键蛋白取代了其来自肺的类似物，但无法取代纳米颗粒表面的血浆含量。尽管某些路线可以消除纳米粒子在不同器官之间通过的历史，但它所穿越的路线主要影响其在目的地显示的特性。纳米粒子通过多种介质循环传播后，返回原点时可能具有不同的属性。历史是决定生物环境中纳米粒子特性的重要决定因素，