There is an ongoing debate about how cancer and dementia relate to each other, and whether their relation is biologically determined or caused by surveillance and survival bias. We aimed to circumvent these biases by determining the relation between the tumor marker carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and the risk of dementia in 6,692 participants from the population-based Rotterdam Study. We found that higher levels of CEA were associated with a higher risk of dementia (HR per standard deviation increase in CEA = 1.11, 95% CI 1.04; 1.18). This finding may indicate that cancer and dementia are positively associated, but the mechanisms underlying the relation between CEA and dementia warrant further investigation.

中文翻译：

---

肿瘤标志物癌胚抗原与痴呆风险之间的关联。

关于癌症和痴呆症如何相互关联以及它们的关系是生物学确定的还是由监视和生存偏见引起的，目前正在进行辩论。我们旨在通过基于人群的鹿特丹研究确定6692名参与者的肿瘤标志物癌胚抗原（CEA）与痴呆症风险之间的关系，以规避这些偏见。我们发现，较高水平的CEA与较高的痴呆风险相关（CEA的每标准差增加HR = 1.11，95％CI 1.04； 1.18）。这一发现可能表明癌症和痴呆症呈正相关，但是CEA和痴呆症之间关系的潜在机制值得进一步研究。