This study examined interparental conflict as a linear and curvilinear predictor of subsequent changes in adolescents' negative emotional reactivity and cortisol functioning during family conflict and, in turn, their psychological difficulties. In addition, adolescents' negative emotional reactivity and cortisol functioning during family conflict were examined as subsequent predictors of their psychological difficulties. Participants included 258 adolescents (52% girls) and their parents and teachers who participated in 3 annual measurement occasions. Adolescents were 13 years old on average (standard deviation [SD] = .57) at the first measurement occasion, were generally from middle- and working-class backgrounds, and identified mostly as White (e.g., 74%). The results of latent-difference score analyses indicated that a multimethod and multiinformant assessment of interparental conflict linearly predicted subsequent changes in observational ratings of adolescent emotional reactivity and their overall cortisol output in response to family conflict over a 1-year period. These changes, in turn, predicted increases in multiinformant reports of adolescent psychological problems over a 2-year period. However, the linear association in the first link in the cascade was qualified by the quadratic effects of interparental conflict as a predictor. Consistent with risk-saturation models, the relatively strong associations among interparental conflict and youth emotional reactivity and cortisol output at mild and moderate exposure to conflict weakened as exposure to conflict reached higher levels. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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父母间冲突作为青年情绪和皮质醇反应的曲线危险因素。

这项研究检查了父母间冲突作为家庭冲突期间青少年负面情绪反应和皮质醇功能的后续变化的线性和曲线预测因子，进而导致他们的心理困难。此外，青少年在家庭冲突期间的负面情绪反应和皮质醇功能被作为他们心理困难的后续预测因素进行了检查。参与者包括参加 3 次年度测量活动的 258 名青少年（52% 为女孩）及其父母和老师。青少年在第一次测量时的平均年龄为 13 岁（标准偏差 [SD] = .57），通常来自中产阶级和工人阶级背景，并且大部分被认定为白人（例如，74%）。潜在差异评分分析的结果表明，父母间冲突的多方法和多信息评估线性预测了青少年情绪反应的观察评级的后续变化及其响应家庭冲突的整体皮质醇输出在 1 年内的变化。反过来，这些变化预测了 2 年内青少年心理问题多方报告的增加。然而，级联中第一个链接中的线性关联被父母间冲突的二次效应作为预测因素所限定。与风险饱和模型一致，父母间冲突与青少年情绪反应和轻度和中度冲突中的皮质醇输出之间相对较强的关联随着冲突暴露程度的升高而减弱。