This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the association between maternal overnutrition and offspring's insulin sensitivity-following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses statement. Studies published in English before April 22, 2019, were identified through searches of four medical databases. After selection, 15 studies aiming to explore the association between prepregnancy body mass index (ppBMI) or gestational weight gain (GWG) of non-diabetic mothers and their offspring's insulin sensitivity (fasting insulin or glucose level and Homeostatic Measurement Assessment for Insulin Resistance [HOMA-IR]) were included in the meta-analysis. Associations of ppBMI and GWG with offspring's insulin sensitivity were analysed by pooling regression coefficients or standardized differences in means with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Maternal ppBMI showed significant positive correlations with the level of both fasting insulin and HOMA-IR in offspring (standardized regression coefficient for fasting insulin: 0.107, CI [0.053, 0.160], p < 0.001 and that for HOMA-IR: 0.063, CI [0.006, 0.121], p = 0.031). However, the result of the analysis on coefficients adjusted for offspring's actual anthropometry (BMI and adiposity) was not significant. Independent from ppBMI, GWG tended to show a positive correlation with insulin level, but not after adjustment for offspring's anthropometry. Offspring of mothers with excessive GWG showed significantly higher HOMA-IR than those of mothers with optimal GWG (p = 0.004). Our results demonstrate that both higher ppBMI and GWG increase the risk of offspring's insulin resistance, but the effect of ppBMI on insulin sensitivity in offspring may develop as consequence of their adiposity.

中文翻译：

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母亲营养过剩会损害后代的胰岛素敏感性：系统评价和荟萃分析。

本系统评价和荟萃分析旨在根据系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目调查母体营养过剩与后代胰岛素敏感性之间的关联。2019 年 4 月 22 日之前发表的英文研究是通过搜索四个医学数据库确定的。筛选后，15 项研究旨在探讨非糖尿病母亲的孕前体重指数 (ppBMI) 或妊娠期体重增加 (GWG) 与其后代的胰岛素敏感性（空腹胰岛素或葡萄糖水平以及胰岛素抵抗的稳态测量评估 [HOMA] -IR]) 被纳入荟萃分析。ppBMI 和 GWG 与后代的关联 s 胰岛素敏感性通过汇集回归系数或平均值的标准化差异与 95% 置信区间 (CI) 进行分析。母亲 ppBMI 与后代的空腹胰岛素和 HOMA-IR 水平呈显着正相关（空腹胰岛素的标准化回归系数：0.107，CI [0.053, 0.160]，p < 0.001，HOMA-IR 的标准化回归系数：0.063，CI [ 0.006, 0.121]，p = 0.031）。然而，根据后代实际人体测量学（BMI 和肥胖）调整的系数的分析结果并不显着。独立于 ppBMI，GWG 倾向于与胰岛素水平呈正相关，但在调整后代的人体测量后则不然。与具有最佳 GWG 的母亲相比，具有过多 GWG 的母亲的后代显示出显着更高的 HOMA-IR（p = 0.004）。