Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is associated with some gastric diseases, such as gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric cancer. CagA and VacA are known virulence factors of H. pylori, which play a vital role in severe clinical outcomes. Additionally, the expression of outer membrane proteins (OMPs) helps H. pylori attach to gastric epithelial cells at the primary stage and increases the virulence of H. pylori. In this review, we have summarized the paralogs of H. pylori OMPs, their genomic loci, and the different receptors of OMPs identified so far. We focused on five OMPs, BabA (HopS), SabA (HopP), OipA (HopH), HopQ, and HopZ, and one family of OMPs: Hom. We highlight the coexpression of OMPs with other virulence factors and their relationship with clinical outcomes. In conclusion, OMPs are closely related to the pathogenic processes of adhesion, colonization, persistent infection, and severe clinical consequences. They are potential targets for the prevention and treatment of H. pylori–related diseases.

幽门螺杆菌( H. pylori ) 感染与一些胃病有关，例如胃炎、消化性溃疡和胃癌。CagA 和 VacA 是已知的幽门螺杆菌毒力因子，在严重的临床结果中起着至关重要的作用。此外，外膜蛋白 (OMPs) 的表达有助于H. pylori在初级阶段附着在胃上皮细胞上，并增加H. pylori的毒力。在这篇综述中，我们总结了幽门螺杆菌的旁系同源物OMPs、它们的基因组位点以及迄今为止鉴定的 OMPs 的不同受体。我们专注于五个 OMP，BabA (HopS)、SabA (HopP)、OipA (HopH)、HopQ 和 HopZ，以及一个 OMP 家族：Hom。我们强调 OMP 与其他毒力因子的共表达及其与临床结果的关系。总之，OMPs与粘附、定植、持续感染和严重临床后果的致病过程密切相关。它们是预防和治疗幽门螺杆菌相关疾病的潜在目标。