Abstract Complicated grief (CG) poses significant physical, psychological, and economic risks to bereaved family caregivers. An integrative review of the literature published 2009−2018 on CG associated with caregiving was performed using PubMed, PsychINFO, and Web of Science. The search returned 1428 articles, of which 32 were included in the review. Sixteen studies described risk and protective factors and 16 described interventions for CG. Caregiver-related risk factors included fewer years of education, depression, anxiety, poor physical health, and maladaptive dependency and attachment traits. Additional risk factors included lower perceived social support, family conflict at end-of-life, and family having difficulty accepting death. Care recipient-related risk factors are younger age, fear of death, and place of death. Protective factors included hospice utilization in reducing fear of death, high pre-bereavement spiritualty, and satisfaction with palliative care. Complicated grief treatment was the most widely-studied intervention. Social Workers and other clinicians can use this information to identify family caregivers at increased risk for CG and refer or implement an early intervention to lessen its impact.

中文翻译：

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复杂的悲伤：风险因素，保护因素和干预措施

摘要复杂悲痛（CG）对失去亲人的家庭护理人员构成重大的身体，心理和经济风险。使用PubMed，PsychINFO和Web of Science对2009-2018年发表的有关与护理有关的CG的文献进行了综合综述。搜索返回了1428篇文章，其中32篇被纳入评论。十六项研究描述了风险和保护因素，而十六项描述了CG的干预措施。与护理人员相关的危险因素包括受教育时间短，抑郁，焦虑，身体健康状况差以及适应不良和依恋特征。其他风险因素包括较低的感知社会支持，临终时的家庭冲突以及家庭难以接受死亡。与护理人员相关的危险因素是年龄较小，对死亡的恐惧和死亡地点。保护性因素包括临终关怀的利用，以减少对死亡的恐惧，高的婚前精神和对姑息治疗的满意度。复杂的悲伤治疗是研究最广泛的干预措施。社会工作者和其他临床医生可以使用此信息来确定家庭护理人员患CG的风险增加，并推荐或采取早期干预措施以减轻其影响。