Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is the main pathogen of the hand, foot, and mouth disease. It was firstly isolated from sputum specimens of infants with central nervous system diseases in California in 1969, and has been repeatedly reported in various parts of the world, especially in the Asia-Pacific region. EV71 3C protein is a 183 amino acid cysteine protease that can cleave most structural and non-structural proteins of EV71. Based on the analysis and understanding of EV71 3C protease, it is helpful to study and treat diseases caused by EV71 virus infection. The EV71 3C protease promotes virus replication by cleaving EV71 synthesis or host proteins. Moreover, EV71 3C protease inhibits the innate immune system and causes apoptosis. At present, in order to deal with the damage caused by the EV71, it is urgent to develop antiviral drugs targeting 3C protease. This review will focus on the structure, function, and mechanism of EV71 3C protease.

中文翻译：

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肠道病毒71型（EV71）3C蛋白酶的功能和机制


肠道病毒71型（EV71）是手足口病的主要病原体。 1969年首次在加利福尼亚州从患有中枢神经系统疾病的婴儿痰标本中分离到该病毒，并在世界各地特别是亚太地区多次报道。 EV71 3C蛋白是一种183个氨基酸的半胱氨酸蛋白酶，可以切割EV71的大多数结构和非结构蛋白。基于对EV71 3C蛋白酶的分析和了解，有助于研究和治疗EV71病毒感染引起的疾病。 EV71 3C 蛋白酶通过裂解 EV71 合成或宿主蛋白来促进病毒复制。此外，EV71 3C 蛋白酶抑制先天免疫系统并导致细胞凋亡。目前，为了应对EV71造成的损害，迫切需要开发针对3C蛋白酶的抗病毒药物。本综述将重点关注 EV71 3C 蛋白酶的结构、功能和机制。