In this study, we report on the superior ion-capturing and sensing competence of a new breed of aqua-compatible solid-state ion-sensor using a structurally organized polymer monolith, for the ocular sensing of trace levels of divalent copper ions. The polymer monolithic template exhibits a single block framework with uniform structural pattern and porous network that serves as an efficient host for the homogeneous probe anchoring, to constitute a renewable solid-state optical sensor. Here, a series of solid-state colorimetric Cu(II) sensors has been designed using three indigenously synthesized chelating probes (molecules) namely, 4-butyl-N-(2-(2,4-dinitrophenyl)hydrazine-1-carbonothioyl)benzamide (BNHCB), 2-(thiophen-2-ylmethylene) hydrazinen-1-carbothioamide (TMHCA), and 4-butylphenyl(diazenyl)-2-mercaptopyrimidine-4,6-diol (BDMPD). The polymer monoliths are characterized using various surface and structural analysis techniques such as HR-SEM, HR-TEM, XPS, XRD, FT-IR, EDAX, and BET surface area analysis. The fabricated solid-state sensors exhibit excellent selectivity and sensitivity for copper ions with unique color transitions that are reliable even at ultra-trace (ppb) levels. The impact of diverse sensing parameters such as solution pH, probe concentration, sensor quantity, target ion concentration, temperature, response kinetics, and matrix tolerances have been optimized. The fabricated sensor materials proffer maximum sensing efficiency in neutral pH conditions, with a limit of detection (LD) & quantification (LQ) values of 0.56 & 1.87 µg/L, 0.30 & 1.0 µg/L, and 0.12 & 0.42 µg/L, for BNHCB-, BDMPD-, and TMHCA- anchored polymer sensors, respectively. The proposed reusable solid-state colorimetric sensors are environmentally benign, cost-effective and data reproducible, with superior analytical performance.

中文翻译：

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结构设计的多孔聚合物整料作为探针锚定模板作为良性和快速响应的固态光学传感器，用于检测和回收铜离子

在这项研究中，我们报告了使用结构有序的聚合物整料的新型水相兼容固态离子传感器的卓越离子捕获和传感能力，用于痕量二价铜离子的目视传感。聚合物整体模板呈现出具有均匀结构模式和多孔网络的单块框架，可作为均质探针锚定的有效宿主，构成可再生的固态光学传感器。在这里，使用三种本地合成的螯合探针（分子）设计了一系列固态比色 Cu(II) 传感器，即 4-丁基-N-(2-(2,4-二硝基苯基)肼-1-碳硫酰)苯甲酰胺 (BNHCB)、2-(噻吩-2-基亚甲基) hydrazinen-1-carbothioamide (TMHCA) 和 4-丁基苯基(diazenyl)-2-mercaptopyrimidine-4,6-diol (BDMPD)。聚合物整料使用各种表面和结构分析技术进行表征，例如 HR-SEM、HR-TEM、XPS、XRD、FT-IR、EDAX 和 BET 表面积分析。制造的固态传感器对铜离子具有出色的选择性和灵敏度，具有独特的颜色转变，即使在超痕量 (ppb) 水平下也可靠。各种传感参数（如溶液 pH 值、探针浓度、传感器数量、目标离子浓度、温度、响应动力学和基质公差）的影响已得到优化。制造的传感器材料在中性 pH 条件下提供最大的传感效率，检测限 (LD) 和定量 (LQ) 值为 0.56 & 1.87 µg/L、0.30 & 1.0 µg/L 和 0.12 & 0.42 µg/L，分别用于 BNHCB-、BDMPD- 和 TMHCA- 锚定聚合物传感器。