The Great Migration from the South and the rise of racial residential segregation strongly shaped the twentieth-century experience of African Americans. Yet, little attention has been devoted to how the two phenomena were linked, especially with respect to the individual experiences of the migrants. We address this gap by using novel data that links individual records from the complete-count 1940 Census to those in the 2000 Census long form, in conjunction with information about the level of racial residential segregation in metropolitan areas in 1940 and 2000. We first consider whether migrants from the South and their children experienced higher or lower levels of segregation in 1940 relative to their counterparts who were born in the North or who remained in the South. Next, we extend our analysis to second-generation Great Migration migrants and their segregation outcomes by observing their location in 2000. Additionally, we assess whether second-generation migrants experience larger decreases in their exposure to segregation as their socioeconomic status increases relative to their southern and/or northern stayer counterparts. Our study significantly advances our understanding of the Great Migration and the “segregated century.”

中文翻译：

---

20世纪美国城市的大迁徙与居住隔离

来自南方的大迁徙和种族居住隔离的兴起强烈塑造了 20 世纪非裔美国人的经历。然而，很少有人关注这两种现象是如何联系起来的，尤其是在移民的个人经历方面。我们通过使用将 1940 年人口普查完整计数中的个人记录与 2000 年人口普查长表中的个人记录联系起来的新数据来解决这一差距，并结合有关 1940 年和 2000 年大都市地区种族居住隔离程度的信息。我们首先考虑相对于出生在北方或留在南方的同龄人，来自南方的移民及其子女在 1940 年是否经历了更高或更低程度的隔离。下一个，我们通过观察他们在 2000 年的位置，将我们的分析扩展到第二代大迁移移民及其隔离结果。此外，我们评估第二代移民是否经历了更大的隔离风险，因为他们的社会经济地位相对于他们的南部和/或北方的住宿同行。我们的研究极大地增进了我们对大迁徙和“隔离世纪”的理解。