This study examined the effects of food insecurity and housing instability experiences during early childhood on adolescent anxiety and depressive symptoms through maternal depression and parenting stress. This longitudinal study included 4 waves of data from the Fragile Families and Child Well-Being Study (n = 2,626). Food insecurity was measured when the child was 5 years of age using the U.S. Department of Agriculture's 18-item Food Security Scale. Housing instability was also measured when the child was 5 years of age based on an affirmative response to 6 housing adversity items. Maternal depression and parenting stress were measured when the child was 9 years of age. Anxiety and depressive symptoms were assessed when the child (now adolescent) was 15 years of age using 6 items of the Brief Symptom Inventory 18 anxiety subscale and 5 items of the Centers for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, respectively. Two structural equation models assessed the associations between food insecurity and housing instability on adolescent anxiety (Model 1) and depressive symptoms (Model 2) through maternal depression and parenting stress simultaneously, controlling for sociodemographic characteristics. Results suggest that experiencing both food insecurity and housing instability during early childhood increases the risk of long-term adolescent depressive (indirect: B = 0.008, 95% CI [0.002, 0.016]) and anxiety (indirect: B = 0.012, 95% CI [0.002, 0.026]) symptoms through maternal depression to parenting stress. Screening for food insecurity and housing instability during early childhood could potentially identify both mothers who are at risk for depression and parenting stress and children who are at increased risk for anxiety or depressive symptoms during adolescence. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2020 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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儿童早期的粮食不安全和住房不稳定是青少年心理健康的预测因素。

本研究通过母亲抑郁和养育压力，检查了儿童早期粮食不安全和住房不稳定经历对青少年焦虑和抑郁症状的影响。这项纵向研究包括来自脆弱家庭和儿童福祉研究的 4 波数据 (n = 2,626)。使用美国农业部的 18 项粮食安全量表在儿童 5 岁时测量粮食不安全状况。根据对 6 个住房逆境项目的肯定回答，还测量了孩子 5 岁时的住房不稳定性。在孩子 9 岁时测量母亲的抑郁和养育压力。分别使用简要症状清单 18 焦虑分量表的 6 个项目和流行病学研究中心抑郁量表的 5 个项目评估儿童（现在是青少年）15 岁时的焦虑和抑郁症状。两个结构方程模型通过同时控制社会人口学特征，评估了粮食不安全和住房不稳定对青少年焦虑（模型 1）和抑郁症状（模型 2）之间的关联，通过母亲抑郁和养育压力。结果表明，在儿童早期经历粮食不安全和住房不稳定会增加长期青少年抑郁（间接：B = 0.008, 95% CI [0.002, 0.016]）和焦虑（间接：B = 0.012, 95% CI）的风险[0.002, 0.026]）从母亲抑郁到养育压力的症状。在儿童早期筛查粮食不安全和住房不稳定可能会识别出有患抑郁症和养育压力风险的母亲以及在青春期有增加焦虑或抑郁症状风险的儿童。（PsycINFO 数据库记录 (c) 2020 APA，保留所有权利）。