Numerous examples of meaningful inter-individual differences in visual processing have been documented in low- and high-level vision. For mid-level vision or perceptual organization, vision scientists have only recently started to study the inter-individual differences structure. In this study, we focus on orientation and proximity as emergent features and combine a quantitative information processing approach with an individual differences approach. We first replicated the results reported in Hawkins, Houpt, Eidels, and Townsend (2016) in a set of 52 observers. That is, observers showed higher processing capacity for detecting a change in a stimulus configuration when the emergent features orientation or proximity were changed. Next, we asked whether individual differences processing capacities were similar across emergent features. The capacity to detect any type of change correlated moderately across individuals, whereas the capacity to detect changes in either emergent feature alone was not strongly correlated. This indicates that there is no general sensitivity to emergent features and that observers can be good at detecting orientation changes whilst being poor at detecting proximity changes (and vice versa). An additional exploratory multivariate analysis of the data revealed that response times and accuracies correlated strongly within each emergent feature. Moreover, specific factors related to change detection and inward displacements were observed, revealing consistent individual differences in our data. We discuss the results in the context of the literature on individual differences in vision where both specific, fragmented factors as well as broad, general factors have been reported.

中文翻译：

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加工方向和接近度方面的个体差异作为新出现的特征。

在低级和高级视觉中，已经记录了许多有意义的个体间视觉处理差异示例。对于中层视觉或感知组织，视觉科学家直到最近才开始研究个体间差异结构。在这项研究中，我们将方向性和邻近性作为新兴特征，并将定量信息处理方法与个体差异方法相结合。我们首先在52位观察员中复制了Hawkins，Houpt，Eidels和Townsend（2016）中报告的结果。即，观察者显示出当改变新兴特征的方向或接近度时用于检测刺激构造的变化的更高处理能力。接下来，我们询问各个差异特征的个体差异处理能力是否相似。个体之间检测任何类型的变化的能力均具有中等程度的相关性，而单独检测任一涌现特征中的变化的能力却没有强相关性。这表明对新兴特征没有普遍的敏感性，观察者可以很好地检测方向变化，而不能很好地检测距离变化（反之亦然）。数据的另一探索性多变量分析显示，响应时间和准确度在每个出现的特征内密切相关。此外，观察到与变化检测和向内位移有关的特定因素，揭示了我们数据中一致的个体差异。我们在关于个体视力差异的文献中讨论了结果，这些差异既有具体的，零散的因素，也有广泛的因素，