OBJECTIVE This study aims to evaluate injuries occurring in the larynx of patients intubated in intensive care units for a long time. STUDY DESIGN Prospective clinical study. SETTING Tertiary hospital. SUBJECT AND METHODS Between April 15, 2019, and November 15, 2019, 40 patients who were hospitalized in intensive care units had a tracheotomy procedure due to prolonged intubation, and laryngeal structures were evaluated by direct laryngoscopy. The laryngeal structures were evaluated in four groups as glottic-supraglottic region, arytenoid vocal process, interaritenoid region and subglottic region. Edema, granulation and ulceration findings in these four regions were recorded. The injuries to the laryngeal structures were classified as stages 0-3. As a result of the data obtained, the relationship between the degree of laryngeal lesions and the factors that may cause these lesions was investigated. RESULTS According to our classification, nine patients had stage 1, 16 patients had stage 2 and 15 patients had stage 3 laryngeal injury. There was no significant relationship between the stage of laryngeal injury and age, sex and diameter of the intubation tube. There was a statistically significant relationship between laryngeal injury and the day the tracheotomy was performed (p = 0.007). CONCLUSION In patients that had prolonged endotracheal intubation, injury to the laryngeal structures is inevitable. To minimize this occurrence, tracheotomy should be performed for intubations that extend for more than seven days. When performing the tracheotomy, the laryngeal structures should be evaluated, necessary precautions should be taken for the traumatic lesions that are difficult to heal, and treatment should be started.

中文翻译：

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长时间插管患者的喉损伤分类，并确定引起该损伤的因素。

目的本研究旨在评估长期在重症监护室插管患者的喉部发生的损伤。研究设计前瞻性临床研究。设置三级医院。研究对象和方法在2019年4月15日至2019年11月15日之间，因长时间插管而在重症监护病房住院的40例患者进行了气管切开术，并通过直接喉镜检查对喉结构进行了评估。喉结构分为四组，分别为声门上声区，声母突，突触间区和声门下区。记录这四个区域的水肿，肉芽和溃疡的发现。喉部结构的损伤被分类为阶段0-3。根据获得的数据，研究了喉部病变程度与可能导致这些病变的因素之间的关系。结果根据我们的分类，9例为1期，16例为2期，15例为3期喉损伤。喉管损伤的阶段与插管的年龄，性别和直径之间没有显着关系。喉损伤与气管切开术当天之间存在统计学上的显着关系（p = 0.007）。结论在气管插管时间较长的患者中，不可避免地会损伤喉部结构。为了最大程度地减少这种情况，应该对气管插管进行超过7天的气管切开术。进行气管切开术时，应评估喉部结构，