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Efficacy of Mealtime Interventions for Malnutrition and Oral Intake in Persons With Dementia: A Systematic Review.
Alzheimer Disease & Associated Disorders ( IF 1.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-13 , DOI: 10.1097/wad.0000000000000387
James C Borders 1 , Samantha Blanke 2 , Stephen Johnson 3 , Andrea Gilmore-Bykovskyi 4, 5, 6 , Nicole Rogus-Pulia 4, 6, 7, 8
Affiliation  

Malnutrition and weight loss are highly prevalent in persons with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias. Oral intake is an important interventional target for addressing these nutritional consequences. However, the efficacy of interventions remains poorly understood as prior syntheses have failed to examine the impact of intervention approaches on malnutrition and hypothesized mechanisms of action in persons with dementia. This review aimed to determine the efficacy of mealtime interventions to improve oral intake and nutritional outcomes in persons with dementia. Four databases yielded 1712 studies, resulting in 32 studies that met inclusion criteria. Studies included education, environmental modifications, feeding, oral supplementation, and other pharmacologic/ecopsychological interventions. While the majority of studies reported statistically significant improvements in at least 1 nutritional outcome, study design and outcome measures were heterogenous with many lacking adequate statistical power or blinding. Collectively, we found moderate evidence to suggest the efficacy of oral supplementation, and preliminary evidence to suggest that feeding interventions, education, and environmental modifications may confer improvements. Findings clarify the state of existing evidence regarding various interventional strategies for improving malnutrition in persons with dementia. While some approaches are promising, adequately powered and rigorously designed multidimensional intervention trials are needed to inform clinical decision-making in real-world contexts.

中文翻译:

进餐时间干预对痴呆症患者营养不良和经口摄入的疗效:系统评价。

营养不良和体重减轻在阿尔茨海默病和相关痴呆症患者中非常普遍。口服摄入是解决这些营养后果的重要干预目标。然而,干预的有效性仍然知之甚少,因为先前的综合未能检验干预方法对营养不良的影响以及痴呆患者的假设作用机制。本综述旨在确定进餐时间干预对改善痴呆症患者经口摄入和营养结果的效果。四个数据库产生了 1712 项研究,其中 32 项研究符合纳入标准。研究包括教育、环境改造、喂养、口服补充剂和其他药理学/生态心理学干预。虽然大多数研究报告了至少一项营养结果的统计学显着改善,但研究设计和结果测量是异质的,许多缺乏足够的统计能力或盲法。总的来说,我们发现适度证据表明口服补充剂的功效,初步证据表明喂养干预、教育和环境改变可能带来改善。研究结果阐明了有关改善痴呆症患者营养不良的各种干预策略的现有证据状态。虽然一些方法很有前景,但需要有足够动力和严格设计的多维干预试验来为现实世界环境中的临床决策提供信息。研究设计和结果测量是异质的,许多缺乏足够的统计能力或盲法。总的来说,我们发现适度证据表明口服补充剂的功效,初步证据表明喂养干预、教育和环境改变可能带来改善。研究结果阐明了有关改善痴呆症患者营养不良的各种干预策略的现有证据状态。虽然一些方法很有前景,但需要有足够动力和严格设计的多维干预试验来为现实世界环境中的临床决策提供信息。研究设计和结果测量是异质的,许多缺乏足够的统计能力或盲法。总的来说,我们发现适度证据表明口服补充剂的功效,初步证据表明喂养干预、教育和环境改变可能带来改善。研究结果阐明了有关改善痴呆症患者营养不良的各种干预策略的现有证据状态。虽然一些方法很有前景,但需要有足够动力和严格设计的多维干预试验来为现实世界环境中的临床决策提供信息。初步证据表明,喂养干预、教育和环境改造可能会带来改善。研究结果阐明了有关改善痴呆症患者营养不良的各种干预策略的现有证据状态。虽然一些方法很有前景,但需要有足够动力和严格设计的多维干预试验来为现实世界环境中的临床决策提供信息。初步证据表明,喂养干预、教育和环境改造可能会带来改善。研究结果阐明了有关改善痴呆症患者营养不良的各种干预策略的现有证据状态。虽然一些方法很有前景,但需要有足够动力和严格设计的多维干预试验来为现实世界环境中的临床决策提供信息。
更新日期:2020-06-10
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