Poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) hydrogel has been considered as promising cartilage replacement materials due to its excellent characteristics such as high water content, low frictional behavior and excellent biocompatibility. However, lack of sufficient mechanical properties and cytocompatibility are two key obstacles for PVA hydrogel to be applied as cartilage substitutes. Herein, Polyacrylic acid (PAA) has been introduced into PVA hydrogel to balance these problems. Compared with pure PVA hydrogel, PVA/PAA hydrogel has the equal excellent biocompatibility, and its cell adhesion is significantly improved. In order to further improve the mechanical properties of hydrogels, Cold-Drawn treatment of hydrogels is performed in this paper. Compared to pure 12% PVA hydrogel, 40.8‐fold, 50.8‐fold, and 46.8‐fold increase in tensile strength, tensile modulus, and toughness, respectively, which can be obtained from 12% PVA/PAA Cold-Drawn hydrogel. These biocompatible composite hydrogels have a great application potential as cartilage tissue substitutes.

聚（乙烯醇）（PVA）水凝胶因其高含水量、低摩擦行为和优异的生物相容性等优异特性而被认为是有前途的软骨替代材料。然而，缺乏足够的机械性能和细胞相容性是 PVA 水凝胶用作软骨替代品的两个主要障碍。在此，聚丙烯酸 (PAA) 已被引入到 PVA 水凝胶中以平衡这些问题。与纯PVA水凝胶相比，PVA/PAA水凝胶具有同样优异的生物相容性，其细胞粘附能力显着提高。为了进一步提高水凝胶的力学性能，本文对水凝胶进行冷拔处理。与纯 12% PVA 水凝胶相比，拉伸强度、拉伸模量增加 40.8 倍、50.8 倍和 46.8 倍，和韧性，分别可以从 12% PVA/PAA 冷拉水凝胶中获得。这些生物相容性复合水凝胶作为软骨组织替代品具有巨大的应用潜力。