Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) amyloid-beta 1-42 (Aβ_1-42) and amyloid positron emission tomography (PET) are the 2 main Alzheimer disease amyloid biomarkers that have been validated in neuropathologically confirmed Alzheimer disease cases. Although many studies have shown concordance of amyloid positivity or negativity between CSF Aβ_1-42 and amyloid PET, several studies also reported discrepancies between these 2 Aβ biomarkers. We conducted a comparison of CSF Aβ_1-42 level, amyloid PET, and autopsy findings in a case with progressive supranuclear palsy in which biomarker acquisition and postmortem pathologic examination were conducted almost at the same time. Our case with antemortem CSF Aβ_1-42 (+)/amyloid PET (−) who was pathologically confirmed with Aβ pathology in the cerebral cortex may indicate CSF Aβ_1-42 is more sensitive for assessing in vivo Aβ than amyloid PET.

脑脊液（CSF）淀粉样蛋白1-42（_Aβ1-42）和淀粉样蛋白正电子发射断层扫描（PET）是已在神经病理学证实的阿尔茨海默氏病病例中得到验证的2种主要的阿尔茨海默氏病淀粉样生物标志物。尽管许多研究表明_CSFAβ1-42与淀粉样PET在淀粉样蛋白阳性或阴性之间具有一致性，但一些研究也报告了这2种Aβ生物标记物之间的差异。在进行性核上性麻痹的病例中，我们几乎同时进行了生物标志物的获取和死后病理检查，我们比较了脑脊液_Aβ1-42水平，淀粉样蛋白PET和尸检结果。我们的死前脑脊液_Aβ1-42病例（+）/淀粉样蛋白PET（-）在大脑皮层中经Aβ病理学病理证实，可能表明_CSFAβ1-42对评估体内Aβ的敏感性高于淀粉样蛋白PET。