Recent changes to federal legislation created a requirement for states to address the needs of infants with prenatal substance exposure. Understanding clinical outcomes among substance exposed infants prior to these changes is important for establishing a baseline of risk and informing systems-level responses. Using North Carolina, Georgia, and Texas Medicaid data, we examined the incidence of inpatient and outpatient diagnoses for injury, maltreatment, and developmental disorders prior to age 12 months and compared types of diagnoses among substance exposed and unexposed infants. The cumulative incidence of maltreatment (1.2% vs. 0.2%) and developmental disorder (10.7% vs. 1.5%) diagnoses prior to age 12 months was significantly higher among substance exposed compared to unexposed infants. The incidence of injury diagnoses was similar (3.7% vs. 3.4%). We observed differences in types of maltreatment and injury diagnoses. For example, diagnoses for neglect were more common among substance exposed infants while diagnoses for physical abuse were more common among unexposed infants. Results provide insight for informing monitoring and intervention by medical and public health professionals.

中文翻译：

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接触物质的婴儿受伤、虐待和发育障碍的发生率。

最近联邦立法的变化要求各州解决产前物质暴露婴儿的需求。在这些变化之前了解物质暴露婴儿的临床结果对于建立风险基线和告知系统级响应非常重要。使用北卡罗来纳州、佐治亚州和德克萨斯州的医疗补助数据，我们检查了 12 个月前因受伤、虐待和发育障碍而住院和门诊诊断的发生率，并比较了接触物质和未接触物质的婴儿的诊断类型。与未接触的婴儿相比，接触物质的婴儿在 12 个月之前的虐待（1.2% 对 0.2%）和发育障碍（10.7% 对 1.5%）诊断的累积发生率显着更高。损伤诊断的发生率相似（3.7% vs. 3. 4%）。我们观察到虐待类型和伤害诊断的差异。例如，在接触物质的婴儿中，被忽视的诊断更为常见，而在未接触物质的婴儿中，身体虐待的诊断更为常见。结果为医疗和公共卫生专业人员的监测和干预提供了洞察力。