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Impact of water on the lubricating properties of hexadecane at the nanoscale.
Nanoscale ( IF 5.8 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-23 , DOI: 10.1039/d0nr03642k
Clodomiro Cafolla 1 , Kislon Voïtchovsky
Affiliation  

Fluid lubricants are routinely used to reduce friction in a wide range of applications, from car engines to machinery and hard-disk drives. However, their efficiency can be significantly influenced by the ambient conditions they are exposed to, in particular humidity. Our understanding of the molecular mechanisms responsible for the well-documented impact of water on lubrication remains limited, hindering the improvement of tribological formulations. Here, we use Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and shear force spectroscopy to investigate the structural and dynamical behaviour of a model lubricant, hexadecane, confined between an AFM probe and a hydrophilic mica surface at different temperatures and humidities. We show that both the nanoscale structure and the tribological behaviour of the system are dominated by the nucleation of water nanodroplets at the interface. The process is favoured at higher temperature and can be explained with classical nucleation theory whereby the droplets become stable when larger than 20 nm to 50 nm size, depending on the ambient conditions. Below this threshold, a molecularly thin film of water molecules coats the surface uniformly. Highly localised shear measurements demonstrate a detrimental impact of the nanodroplets on shear with a twofold increase in the lubricated friction force. However, this can be mitigated by the adjunction of an amphiphilic additive, here oleic acid.

中文翻译:

水对纳米级十六烷润滑性能的影响。

从汽车发动机到机械和硬盘驱动器,流体润滑剂通常用于减少各种应用中的摩擦。然而,它们的效率会受到它们所暴露于的环境条件的显着影响,特别是湿度。我们对导致水对润滑的充分影响的分子机制的理解仍然有限,这阻碍了摩擦学配方的改进。在这里,我们使用原子力显微镜(AFM)和剪切力光谱法研究模型润滑剂十六烷的结构和动力学行为,该模型润滑剂被限制在AFM探针和亲水性云母表面之间,且温度和湿度不同。我们表明,纳米级结构和系统的摩擦学行为均受界面处水纳米液滴成核的支配。该方法在较高的温度下是有利的,并且可以用经典的成核理论来解释,其中取决于环境条件,当液滴的尺寸大于20 nm至50 nm时,液滴变得稳定。低于该阈值,水分子的分子薄膜均匀地覆盖表面。高度局部的剪切测量结果表明,纳米滴对剪切的有害影响,润滑摩擦力增加了两倍。但是,可以通过添加两亲性添加剂(此处为油酸)来缓解这种情况。该方法在较高的温度下是有利的,并且可以用经典的成核理论来解释,其中取决于环境条件,当液滴的尺寸大于20 nm至50 nm时,液滴变得稳定。低于该阈值,水分子的分子薄膜均匀地覆盖表面。高度局部的剪切测量结果表明,纳米滴对剪切的有害影响,润滑摩擦力增加了两倍。但是,可以通过添加两亲性添加剂(此处为油酸)来缓解这种情况。该方法在较高的温度下是有利的,并且可以用经典的成核理论来解释,其中取决于环境条件,当液滴的尺寸大于20 nm至50 nm时,液滴变得稳定。低于该阈值,水分子的分子薄膜均匀地覆盖表面。高度局部的剪切测量结果表明,纳米滴对剪切的有害影响,润滑摩擦力增加了两倍。但是,可以通过添加两亲性添加剂(此处为油酸)来缓解这种情况。高度局部的剪切测量结果表明,纳米滴对剪切的有害影响,润滑摩擦力增加了两倍。但是,可以通过添加两亲性添加剂(此处为油酸)来缓解这种情况。高度局部的剪切测量结果表明,纳米滴对剪切的有害影响,润滑摩擦力增加了两倍。但是,可以通过添加两亲性添加剂(此处为油酸)来缓解这种情况。
更新日期:2020-07-16
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