Filling of the electrode and the separator with an electrolyte is a crucial step in the lithium ion battery manufacturing process. Incomplete filling negatively impacts electrochemical performance, cycle life, and safety of cells. Here, we apply concepts from the theory of partial wetting to explain the amount of gas entrapment that occurs during electrolyte infilling and show that this can explain the lower than expected effective transport coefficients that are measured experimentally. We consider a polyethylene separator as a model system. Quasi-static infilling simulations on 3D reconstructions of the separator structure indicate that there can be up to 30% gas entrapment upon infilling due to the geometry of the separator, which results in a reduction of effective transport by >40%. Considering the dynamics of the electrolyte (e.g., viscosity) and the infilling process explains why the residual gas phase is typically less (15%–20%) and why, for electrolytes that wet well...

中文翻译：

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了解锂离子电池的电解液填充

在电解质和电极中填充电解质是锂离子电池制造过程中的关键步骤。填充不完全会对电池的电化学性能，循环寿命和安全性产生负面影响。在这里，我们使用部分润湿理论中的概念来解释电解质填充过程中发生的气体截留量，并表明这可以解释通过实验测得的低于预期的有效传输系数。我们将聚乙烯隔板视为模型系统。分离器结构的3D重建的准静态填充模拟表明，由于分离器的几何形状，填充时最多有30％的气体截留，这导致有效运输减少了40％以上。考虑电解质的动力学（例如，