Salinity, alkalinity, and drought stress are the main abiotic stress factors affecting plant growth and development. Sophora alopecuroides L., a perennial leguminous herb in the genus Sophora, is a highly salt-tolerant sand-fixing pioneer species distributed mostly in Western Asia and northwestern China. Few studies have assessed responses to abiotic stress in S. alopecuroides. The transcriptome of the genes that confer stress-tolerance in this species has not previously been sequenced. Our objective was to sequence and analyze this transcriptome. Twelve cDNA libraries were constructed in triplicate from mRNA obtained from Sophora alopecuroides for the control and salt, alkali, and drought treatments. Using de novo assembly, 902,812 assembled unigenes were generated, with an average length of 294 bp. Based on similarity searches, 545,615 (60.43%) had at least one significant match in the Nr, Nt, Pfam, KOG/COG, Swiss-Prot, and GO databases. In addition, 1673 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained from the salt treatment, 8142 from the alkali treatment, and 17,479 from the drought treatment. A total of 11,936 transcription factor genes from 82 transcription factor families were functionally annotated under salt, alkali, and drought stress, these include MYB, bZIP, NAC and WRKY family members. DEGs were involved in the hormone signal transduction pathway, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and antioxidant enzymes; this suggests that these pathways or processes may be involved in tolerance towards salt, alkali, and drought stress in S. alopecuroides. Our study first reported transcriptome reference sequence data in Sophora alopecuroides, a non-model plant without a reference genome. We determined digital expression profile and discovered a broad survey of unigenes associated with salt, alkali, and drought stress which provide genomic resources available for Sophora alopecuroides.

中文翻译：

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从头转录组测序和苦豆碱盐，碱和干旱反应基因的分析。

盐度，碱度和干旱胁迫是影响植物生长发育的主要非生物胁迫因素。槐属植物Sophora alopecuroides L.是一种多年生的豆科草本植物，是一种高度耐盐的固沙先驱种，主要分布在西亚和西北地区。很少有研究评估对S. alopecuroides中非生物胁迫的反应。先前尚未对赋予该物种耐逆性的基因的转录组进行测序。我们的目标是对这个转录组进行测序和分析。十二个cDNA文库从Sophora alopecuroides的mRNA中一式三份地构建，用于对照以及盐，碱和干旱处理。使用从头组装，产生了902,812个组装的单基因，平均长度为294 bp。基于相似度搜索545,615（60。43％）在Nr，Nt，Pfam，KOG / COG，Swiss-Prot和GO数据库中至少有一项重要匹配。另外，盐处理获得了1673个差异表达基因（DEG），碱处理获得了8142个，干旱处理获得了17,479个。来自82个转录因子家族的总共11,936个转录因子基因在盐，碱和干旱胁迫下进行了功能注释，其中包括MYB，bZIP，NAC和WRKY家族成员。DEGs参与激素信号转导途径，次生代谢产物和抗氧化酶的生物合成。这表明这些途径或过程可能参与了对苦苣苔碱盐，碱和干旱胁迫的耐受性。我们的研究首次报道了苦豆子的转录组参考序列数据，没有参考基因组的无模型植物。我们确定了数字表达谱，并发现了与盐，碱和干旱胁迫相关的单基因的广泛调查，这些调查提供了可用于槐豆的基因组资源。