The response of crustaceans and other aquatic invertebrates to low temperatures and the application on cryopreservation has been extensively studied experimentally, which has resulted in the development of techniques that have proven to be valuable. This review addresses cryopreservation protocols for cells such as the general freezing damage caused by pre-treatment, freezing, and thawing as well as important factors that affect the preservation of sperm and embryos of aquatic invertebrates. This review also addresses the short- and long-term effects of low temperature resulting from cryopreservation, as well as a review of the relevant literature on the subject. We discuss specific issues related to the effect of ice crystal formation and freezing time on the survival rates of aquatic species: freezing and thawing rates, toxicity of cryoprotectant concentrations on embryos, osmotic pressure effects on cells, the formation of ice crystals inside and outside of cells, the effects of cryopreservation on development, and the effects of different concentrations of antifreeze protectants.

中文翻译：

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水生甲壳类和其他无脊椎动物的冷冻保存现状和前景

甲壳类和其他水生无脊椎动物对低温的响应以及在冷冻保存中的应用已通过实验进行了广泛研究，从而导致了已被证明有价值的技术的发展。这篇综述针对细胞的冷冻保存方案，例如由预处理，冷冻和解冻引起的一般冷冻损伤，以及影响水生无脊椎动物精子和胚胎保存的重要因素。这篇综述还讨论了低温保存引起的低温的短期和长期影响，以及有关该主题的相关文献的综述。我们讨论了与冰晶形成和冻结时间对水生物种成活率的影响有关的特定问题：冻结和解冻率，