This review examines methods of magnetic flux density measurements from the narrow grain boundary (GB) regions, the thickness of which is of the order of nanometers, produced in Nd-Fe-B-based sintered magnets. Despite of the complex crystallographic microstructure and the significant stray magnetic field of the sintered magnet, recent progress in electron holography allowed for determination of the intrinsic magnetic flux density due to GB which is embedded in the polycrystalline thin foil. The methods appear to be useful as well for intensive studies about interface magnetism in a variety of systems.

中文翻译：

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从烧结永磁体中产生的窄晶界测量磁通密度

本综述研究了在 Nd-Fe-B 基烧结磁体中生产的窄晶界 (GB) 区域的磁通密度测量方法，其厚度为纳米级。尽管烧结磁体具有复杂的晶体微观结构和显着的杂散磁场，但电子全息术的最新进展允许确定由于嵌入多晶薄箔中的 GB 引起的固有磁通密度。这些方法似乎也可用于对各种系统中的界面磁性进行深入研究。