In this paper, CNTs reinforced foam aluminum matrix composites with small pore diameter were prepared by powder metallurgy method. When the mass fraction of CNTs was 0.75%, the tensile strength, flexural strength and compressive yield strength of the materials were 3.4 times, 2.4 times and 2.4 times of pure foam aluminum, respectively, reaching the maximum value, which obviously improved the mechanical properties of aluminum foam. The tensile property model of foam aluminum matrix composites was built to predict the properties of the composites, and the effects of defects and reinforcement on the mechanical properties of the composites were compared. The results show that the tensile fitting is consistent with the measured results when the mass fraction of CNTs is less than 0.75%, but the weakening effect of defects on the strength of aluminum foam is much greater than the enhancement of CNTs. With the increase of CNTs mass fraction, the damping loss factor of foam aluminum composites increases, dislocation damping and grain boundary damping play a role in advance, and the damping peak moves to the low temperature region.

本文采用粉末冶金法制备了孔径较小的碳纳米管增强泡沫铝基复合材料。当碳纳米管的质量分数为0.75％时，材料的拉伸强度，弯曲强度和压缩屈服强度分别为纯泡沫铝的3.4倍，2.4倍和2.4倍，达到最大值，明显改善了机械性能。泡沫铝。建立了泡沫铝基复合材料的拉伸性能模型，以预测复合材料的性能，并比较了缺陷和补强对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明，当CNTs的质量分数小于0.75％时，拉伸拟合与实测结果吻合。但是缺陷对泡沫铝强度的减弱作用远大于对碳纳米管的增强作用。随着碳纳米管质量分数的增加，泡沫铝复合材料的阻尼损耗因子增加，位错阻尼和晶界阻尼提前发挥作用，并且阻尼峰向低温区移动。