Abstract Crinum asiaticum L. (Amaryllidaceae), also known as poison bulb or spider lily, is a perennial bulbous herb bearing feathery green leaves, employed to induce emesis during poisoning. In Ayurveda, it is called ‘naagadami’, in Malaysia, the natives refer to it as ‘bakong’, ‘morabau’ is its name in Papua New Guinea, and it is known as ‘lys’ or ‘lis sauvage’ in Mauritius. In ethnomedicine, it is employed to relieve anguish from a plethora of ailment conditions such as boils, contusions, earache, edema, fever, fractures, gastrointestinal complaints, hernia, mumps, rheumatism, tonsillitis, urinary difficulties and vomiting, amongst others. It is economically valuable due to its medicinal and ornamental attributes. Given the lack of an updated comprehensive one stop documentation on this species, this review aims to compile its morphological characteristics, geographical distribution, as well as its traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacological properties and toxicity potential. While the extracts of C. asiaticum were found to be particularly rich in alkaloids, chemical analysis of essential oils obtained from C. asiaticum revealed the presence of miscellaneous components including alcohols, phenolics, fatty acids, esters, aldehydes, terpenoids and terpenes. Extracts and compounds from C. asiaticum have been evaluated for their antioxidant, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-plasmodial, cytotoxicity, anti-cancer and antimicrobial properties. Only one clinical study has showed that repeated and single cutaneous applications of the extract under the occlusive patch did not provoke any cumulative irritation and sensitization reactions. In conclusion, this plant holds promising pharmacological properties that deserves renewed attention, especially with regard to its toxicity that could be significant in the development of phytopharmaceuticals.

中文翻译：

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毒球的民族药用、植物化学、毒性和药理作用 – Crinum asiaticum L。

摘要 Crinum asiaticum L.（石蒜科），又名毒球茎或蜘蛛百合，是多年生球根状草本植物，叶子呈羽毛状绿，中毒时用于催吐。在阿育吠陀中，它被称为“naagadami”，在马来西亚，当地人称它为“bakong”，“morabau”在巴布亚新几内亚是它的名字，在毛里求斯被称为“lys”或“lis sauvage”。在民族医学中，它被用来缓解多种疾病的痛苦，例如疖子、挫伤、耳痛、水肿、发烧、骨折、胃肠道不适、疝气、腮腺炎、风湿病、扁桃体炎、排尿困难和呕吐等。由于其药用和观赏特性，它具有经济价值。鉴于缺乏有关该物种的最新综合一站式文件，本综述旨在汇编其形态特征、地理分布及其传统用途、植物化学、药理特性和毒性潜力。虽然发现 C. asiaticum 的提取物特别富含生物碱，但对从 C. asiaticum 中提取的精油进行的化学分析表明存在各种成分，包括醇类、酚类、脂肪酸、酯类、醛类、萜类化合物和萜烯。已经评估了来自 C. asiaticum 的提取物和化合物的抗氧化、镇痛、抗炎、抗疟原虫、细胞毒性、抗癌和抗菌特性。只有一项临床研究表明，在封闭贴剂下重复和单次皮肤涂抹提取物不会引起任何累积性刺激和致敏反应。