Sediment deposition is an important part of the erosion process. Slope and soil type affect the spatial distribution of erosion–deposition; however, little is known about where erosion and deposition occur specifically and how they interact with influencing factors. To address this issue, four rainfall simulation experiments were conducted in a 1 m × 5 m plot with varying slopes (i.e., 5°, 10°, 15°, and 20°) and simulated rainfall for 1 h at a rate of 60 mm h⁻¹. For the two soils, the runoff rate and sediment concentration were correlated with a similar temporal pattern. Runoff increased gradually and ultimately approached a steady state, and the sediment concentration decreased gradually and ultimately approached a steady state, which indicated that the erosion processes of the two soils were controlled by the detachment-limited condition. The sediment concentration and erosion rate were positively correlated with slope. However, the onset of runoff was delayed for AS soil, which also had a relatively high sediment concentration. The distribution range and area of deposition for the two soils were negatively correlated with the slope gradient, and the main deposition area occurred at the bottom of the plots. In contrast, the SD soil was more susceptible to deposition, and the deposition thickness was mainly concentrated within a 0–4 mm depth; this concentration was not observed for AS soil because of its high erosion intensity. Overall, this similarity also existed in the spatial variations of silt and fine sand contents in the soil surface. The silt and fine sand-sized particles were the primary eroded particle sizes; however, selective mechanisms of these two particle sizes were obviously different in the two soils. The results indicated that the erosion–deposition characteristics and the main eroded materials differed with varying erosion intensities and soil types. These findings are essential for a more comprehensive understanding of soil erosion mechanisms under conditions without rill formation.

沉积物沉积是侵蚀过程的重要组成部分。坡度和土壤类型影响侵蚀沉积的空间分布。然而，对于侵蚀和沉积具体发生在何处以及它们与影响因素的相互作用知之甚少。为了解决这个问题，在1 m×5 m的地块中以不同的坡度（即5°，10°，15°和20°）进行了四个降雨模拟实验，并以60 mm的速率模拟了1 h h ^-1。对于这两种土壤，径流速率和沉积物浓度与相似的时间格局相关。径流逐渐增加并最终趋于稳定，而泥沙浓度逐渐降低并最终趋于稳定，这表明这两种土壤的侵蚀过程受迁移限制条件的控制。泥沙浓度和侵蚀速率与坡度呈正相关。然而，AS土壤的径流开始被推迟了，AS土壤也具有相对较高的沉积物浓度。两种土壤的分布范围和沉积面积与坡度成负相关，主要的沉积面积出现在曲线的底部。相比之下，SD土壤更易于沉积，沉积厚度主要集中在0–4 mm深度内；由于土壤侵蚀强度高，因此未在AS土壤中观察到该浓度。总的来说，这种相似性还存在于土壤表层淤泥和细砂含量的空间变化中。淤泥和细沙大小的颗粒是主要的侵蚀颗粒。然而，两种土壤中这两种粒径的选择机理明显不同。结果表明，随着沉积强度和土壤类型的变化，侵蚀沉积特征和主要侵蚀物质也有所不同。这些发现对于在不形成小孔的条件下更全面地了解土壤侵蚀机理至关重要。由于土壤侵蚀强度高，因此未在AS土壤中观察到该浓度。总的来说，这种相似性还存在于土壤表层淤泥和细砂含量的空间变化中。淤泥和细沙大小的颗粒是主要的侵蚀颗粒。然而，两种土壤中这两种粒径的选择机理明显不同。结果表明，随着沉积强度和土壤类型的变化，侵蚀沉积特征和主要侵蚀物质也有所不同。这些发现对于在不形成小孔的条件下更全面地了解土壤侵蚀机理至关重要。由于土壤侵蚀强度高，因此未在AS土壤中观察到该浓度。总的来说，这种相似性还存在于土壤表层淤泥和细砂含量的空间变化中。淤泥和细沙大小的颗粒是主要的侵蚀颗粒。然而，两种土壤中这两种粒径的选择机理明显不同。结果表明，随着沉积强度和土壤类型的变化，侵蚀沉积特征和主要侵蚀物质也有所不同。这些发现对于在不形成小孔的条件下更全面地了解土壤侵蚀机理至关重要。淤泥和细沙大小的颗粒是主要的侵蚀颗粒。然而，两种土壤中这两种粒径的选择机理明显不同。结果表明，随着沉积强度和土壤类型的变化，侵蚀沉积特征和主要侵蚀物质也有所不同。这些发现对于在不形成小孔的条件下更全面地了解土壤侵蚀机理至关重要。淤泥和细沙大小的颗粒是主要的侵蚀颗粒。然而，两种土壤中这两种粒径的选择机理明显不同。结果表明，随着沉积强度和土壤类型的变化，侵蚀沉积特征和主要侵蚀物质也有所不同。这些发现对于在不形成小孔的条件下更全面地了解土壤侵蚀机理至关重要。