Abstract In membrane process, the lateral transport path of water molecule through substrate has a great impact on the permeance of thin-film composite (TFC) membrane, thus the optimization of substrate by constructing interlayer without affecting its pore structure is desired. Here, we report a facile, scalable and universal surface grafting strategy based on a diazonium-induced anchoring process (DIAP), for which an ultra-thin polyaminophenylene (PAP)-like layer is covalently grafted on the substrate. The PAP-like layer significantly increases the wettability of surface and pore as well as surface positive charges of substrate, but has little influence on its surface pore size and structure. Moreover, the effects of the anchored PAP-like layer on the distribution, release and uptake of piperazine (PIP) monomers during interfacial polymerization (IP) process are investigated systematically. The polyamide (PA) nanofiltration (NF) membrane made on this substrate features a highly cross-linked, thinner and smoother PA layer with less PA invasive, and highlights a 2-fold water flux increase and simultaneously enhanced divalent salts (Na2SO4, MgSO4 and MgCl2) rejections (above 98.0%). Thus, combined with the superior structural stability and antifouling property, the obtained TFC membrane holds great potential in water softening and household water purification.

中文翻译：

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重氮诱导锚固工艺在超滤基材上制备具有增强脱盐性能的纳滤膜的应用

摘要 在制膜过程中，水分子通过基材的横向传输路径对薄膜复合（TFC）膜的渗透性有很大影响，因此需要在不影响其孔结构的情况下构建夹层来优化基材。在这里，我们报告了一种基于重氮诱导锚定过程 (DIAP) 的简便、可扩展和通用的表面接枝策略，为此，超薄的聚氨基亚苯基 (PAP) 样层共价接枝在基材上。PAP类层显着增加了表面和孔的润湿性以及基材的表面正电荷，但对其表面孔径和结构影响很小。此外，锚定的 PAP 样层对分布的影响，系统地研究了界面聚合 (IP) 过程中哌嗪 (PIP) 单体的释放和吸收。在该基材上制成的聚酰胺 (PA) 纳滤 (NF) 膜具有高度交联、更薄和更光滑的 PA 层，PA 侵入性更小，并突出了 2 倍的水通量增加和同时增强的二价盐（Na2SO4、MgSO4 和MgCl2) 排斥（高于 98.0%）。因此，结合优异的结构稳定性和防污性能，所获得的 TFC 膜在水软化和家庭用水净化方面具有巨大的潜力。并强调了 2 倍的水通量增加，同时提高了二价盐（Na2SO4、MgSO4 和 MgCl2）的去除率（高于 98.0%）。因此，结合优异的结构稳定性和防污性能，所获得的 TFC 膜在水软化和家庭用水净化方面具有巨大的潜力。并强调了 2 倍的水通量增加，同时提高了二价盐（Na2SO4、MgSO4 和 MgCl2）的去除率（高于 98.0%）。因此，结合优异的结构稳定性和防污性能，所获得的 TFC 膜在水软化和家庭用水净化方面具有巨大的潜力。