The equilibrium use of energy is very important for wireless sensor networks (WSN) with limited energy in order to avoid premature network collapse. The existing methods either need too complex calculations for precise clustering, or are too simple to overburden a few cluster heads. In order to solve these problems, we proposed energy balanced clustering routing (EBCR) in this paper. It could maximize the WSN life in energy non-harvesting scenario or improve energy utilization efficiency in energy harvesting scenario without increasing the amount of calculations. It gives a complete solution to the process of cluster head election, clustering, and intercluster routing algorithm. Firstly, a light weight cluster head election and a distributed cluttering method are proposed by introducing dynamic cluster radius and intersection region node division schemes with new principles. Thus, lightweight distributed clustering achieves the advantages of balancing the burden of cluster heads and alleviating hot zone problem. Then we optimized the cluster cooperative routing algorithm by analyzing cooperation and competition among cluster heads. The intercluster cooperative routing algorithm greatly improves the transmission efficiency between cluster heads. Moreover, this paper analyzes the reasons why the algorithm achieves more balanced energy usage, higher energy efficiency, and fewer calculations compared to the existing mainstream algorithms. At last, simulation results show that EBCR algorithm has advantages in terms of network energy consumption, number of surviving nodes in energy non-harvesting scenario compared with the delay-constrained energy-efficient cluster-based multi-hop routing (DCEM) method. Simulation also gives EBCR algorithm performance under various energy harvesting scenarios, which is quite satisfactory in energy utilization efficiency comparing with DCEM method. EBCR algorithm has superior performance in terms of balanced energy usage, low computation complexity, and high energy efficiency.

能量的均衡使用对能量有限的无线传感器网络（WSN）至关重要，以避免过早的网络崩溃。现有方法要么需要过于复杂的计算以进行精确聚类，要么太简单以至于无法覆盖几个聚类头。为了解决这些问题，我们提出了能量平衡聚类路由（EBCR）。在不增加计算量的情况下，它可以在无能量收集方案中最大化WSN寿命或在能量收集方案中提高能量利用效率。它为群集头选举，群集和群集间路由算法的过程提供了完整的解决方案。首先，通过引入动态聚类半径和相交区域节点划分方案，提出了一种新的原理，提出了一种轻量级聚类头选举和分布式杂波处理方法。因此，轻量级分布式集群具有平衡集群头负担和减轻热区问题的优点。然后，通过分析簇头之间的协作与竞争，优化了簇协同路由算法。集群间协作路由算法大大提高了簇头之间的传输效率。此外，本文分析了与现有主流算法相比，该算法实现更均衡的能源使用，更高的能源效率以及更少的计算的原因。最后，仿真结果表明，与基于时延约束的高能效集群多跳路由（DCEM）方法相比，EBCR算法在网络能耗，无能量捕获场景中的存活节点数方面具有优势。仿真还给出了在各种能量收集场景下的EBCR算法性能，与DCEM方法相比，在能量利用效率方面非常令人满意。EBCR算法在均衡能源使用，低计算复杂度和高能源效率方面具有卓越的性能。与DCEM方法相比，在能源利用效率上非常令人满意。EBCR算法在均衡能源使用，低计算复杂度和高能源效率方面具有卓越的性能。与DCEM方法相比，在能源利用效率上非常令人满意。EBCR算法在均衡能源使用，低计算复杂度和高能源效率方面具有卓越的性能。