Most temperate wild bees overwinter in the larval or imaginal stage inside their nests after the entire larval food provisions have been consumed. Here, we report on the finding that Colletes hederae (Colletidae), a late-flying European bee species active in September and October, passes the winter as half-grown larva inside the brood cell that still contains considerable amounts of stored food. We hypothesize that the special waterproof cell lining of Colletes reduces the risk of fungal infection, liquefaction, or desiccation of the stored food and thus liberated the bees from the need to consume the entire provisions before winter, allowing for the exploitation of late-flowering plant taxa.

中文翻译：

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关于晚飞的欧洲蜜蜂物种异常冬眠阶段的科学笔记

大多数温带野生蜜蜂在幼虫或成虫阶段在它们的巢穴内在整个幼虫食物供应后越冬。在这里，我们报告了一项发现，即在 9 月和 10 月活跃的晚飞欧洲蜜蜂物种 Colletes hederae (Colletidae)，在仍包含大量储存食物的育雏细胞内以半成熟的幼虫过冬。我们假设 Colletes 的特殊防水细胞衬里降低了真菌感染、液化或储存食物干燥的风险，从而使蜜蜂无需在冬天之前消耗全部食物，从而允许开发晚花植物分类群。