The LIGO and Virgo Interferometers have so far provided 11 gravitational-wave (GW) observations of black-hole binaries. Similar detections are bound to become very frequent in the near future. With the current and upcoming wealth of data, it is possible to confront specific formation models with observations. We investigate here whether current data are compatible with the hypothesis that LIGO/Virgo black holes are of primordial origin. We compute in detail the mass and spin distributions of primordial black holes (PBHs), their merger rates, the stochastic background of unresolved coalescences, and confront them with current data from the first two observational runs, also including the recently discovered GW190412. We compute the best-fit values for the parameters of the PBH mass distribution at formation that are compatible with current GW data. In all cases, the maximum fraction of PBHs in dark matter is constrained by these observations to be $f_{\text{PBH}}\approx {\rm few}\times 10^{-3}$. We discuss the predictions of the PBH scenario that can be directly tested as new data become available. In the most likely formation scenarios where PBHs are born with negligible spin, the fact that at least one of the components of GW190412 is moderately spinning is incompatible with a primordial origin for this event, unless accretion or hierarchical mergers are significant. In the absence of accretion, current non-GW constraints already exclude that LIGO/Virgo events are all of primordial origin, whereas in the presence of accretion the GW bounds on the PBH abundance are the most stringent ones in the relevant mass range. A strong phase of accretion during the cosmic history would favour mass ratios close to unity, and a redshift-dependent correlation between high masses, high spins and nearly-equal mass binaries, with the secondary component spinning faster than the primary.

中文翻译：

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原始黑洞对抗LIGO/Virgo数据：现状

迄今为止，LIGO 和 Virgo 干涉仪已经提供了 11 次黑洞双星引力波 (GW) 观测。在不久的将来，类似的检测必将变得非常频繁。凭借当前和即将到来的大量数据，可以通过观测来应对特定的地层模型。我们在这里调查当前数据是否与 LIGO/Virgo 黑洞具有原始起源的假设相符。我们详细计算了原始黑洞 (PBH) 的质量和自旋分布、它们的合并率、未解析合并的随机背景，并与前两次观测运行的当前数据进行了对比，其中还包括最近发现的 GW190412。我们计算了与当前 GW 数据兼容的地层 PBH 质量分布参数的最佳拟合值。在所有情况下，暗物质中 PBH 的最大比例受这些观察结果的约束为 $f_{\text{PBH}}\approx {\rm some}\times 10^{-3}$。我们讨论了可以在新数据可用时直接测试的 PBH 场景的预测。在 PBH 出生时自旋可忽略不计的最可能形成场景中，GW190412 的至少一个组件适度自旋这一事实与该事件的原始起源不相容，除非吸积或分层合并很重要。在没有吸积的情况下，当前的非 GW 约束已经排除了 LIGO/Virgo 事件都是原始起源的，而在吸积存在的情况下，PBH 丰度的 GW 界限是相关质量范围内最严格的界限。