In the field of ischemic cerebral injury, precise characterization of neurovascular hemodynamic is required to select candidates for reperfusion treatments. It is thus admitted that advanced imaging-based approaches would be able to better diagnose and prognose those patients and would contribute to better clinical care. Current imaging modalities like MRI allow a precise diagnostic of cerebral injury but suffer from limited availability and transportability. The recently developed ultrafast ultrasound could be a powerful tool to perform emergency imaging and long term follow-up of cerebral perfusion, which could, in combination with MRI, improve imaging solutions for neuroradiologists./nMethods: In this study, in a model of in situ thromboembolic stroke in mice, we compared a control group of non-treated mice (N=10) with a group receiving the gold standard pharmacological stroke therapy (N=9). We combined the established tool of magnetic resonance imaging (7T MRI) with two innovative ultrafast ultrasound methods, ultrafast Doppler and Ultrasound Localization Microscopy, to image the cerebral blood volumes at early and late times after stroke onset and compare with the formation of ischemic lesions./nResults: Our study shows that ultrafast ultrasound can be used through the mouse skull to monitor cerebral perfusion during ischemic stroke. In our data, the monitoring of the reperfusion following thrombolytic within the first 2 h post stroke onset matches ischemic lesions measured 24 h. Moreover, similar results can be made with Ultrasound Localization Microscopy which could make it applicable to human patients in the future./nConclusion: We thus provide the proof of concept that in a mouse model of thromboembolic stroke with an intact skull, early ultrafast ultrasound can be indicative of responses to treatment and cerebral tissue fates following stroke. It brings new tools to study ischemic stroke in preclinical models and is the first step prior translation to the clinical settings.

中文翻译：

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脑灌注的早期超快超声成像与小鼠缺血性卒中结局和治疗反应相关。

在缺血性脑损伤领域，需要精确表征神经血管血流动力学，以选择用于再灌注治疗的候选药物。因此，公认的是，基于先进影像学的方法将能够更好地诊断和预后那些患者，并有助于更好的临床护理。当前的成像方式（如MRI）可以精确诊断脑损伤，但可用性和可运输性有限。最近开发的超快超声可能是执行紧急成像和长期脑灌注检查的有力工具，与MRI结合可以改善神经放射科医生的成像解决方案。/n方法：在本研究中，模型为原位在小鼠血栓栓塞性中风中，我们将对照组的未治疗小鼠（N = 10）与接受金标准药理性中风疗法的组（N = 9）进行了比较。我们将已建立的磁共振成像（7T MRI）工具与两种创新的超快超声方法，超快多普勒超声和超声定位显微镜相结合，以在中风发作后的早期和晚期对脑血量进行成像，并与缺血性病变的形成进行比较。/ n结果：我们的研究表明，可以通过小鼠颅骨使用超快超声来监测缺血性中风期间的脑灌注。在我们的数据中，中风发作后前2小时内溶栓后再灌注的监测与24小时内测得的缺血性病变相匹配。此外，超声定位显微镜可以得到类似的结果，将来可能会应用于人类患者。/n结论：因此，我们提供了概念证明，即在具有完整颅骨的血栓栓塞性中风小鼠模型中，早期的超快超声可以指示中风后对治疗的反应和脑组织的命运。它为临床前模型中的缺血性卒中带来了新的工具，并且是翻译到临床环境之前的第一步。