Abstract Filamentous phages establish chronic infections in their bacterial hosts, and new phages are secreted by infected bacteria for multiple generations, typically without causing host death. Often, these viruses integrate in their host’s genome by co-opting the host’s XerCD recombinase system. In several cases, these viruses also encode genes that increase bacterial virulence in plants and animals. Here, we describe a new filamentous phage, UPϕ901, which we originally found integrated in a clinical isolate of Escherichia coli from urine. UPϕ901 and closely related phages can be found in published genomes of over 200 other bacteria, including strains of Citrobacter koseri, Salmonella enterica, Yersinia enterocolitica, and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Its closest relatives are consistently found in urine or in the blood and feces of patients with urinary tract infections. More distant relatives can be found in isolates from other environments, including sewage, water, soil, and contaminated food. Each of these phages, which we collectively call ‘UPϕ viruses’, also harbors two or more novel genes of unknown function.

中文翻译：

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UPΦ 噬菌体，在肠杆菌属的几个成员中发现的一组新的丝状噬菌体

摘要 丝状噬菌体在其细菌宿主中建立慢性感染，新的噬菌体由受感染的细菌分泌多代，通常不会导致宿主死亡。通常，这些病毒通过选择宿主的 XerCD 重组酶系统整合到宿主的基因组中。在一些情况下，这些病毒还编码增加植物和动物细菌毒力的基因。在这里，我们描述了一种新的丝状噬菌体 UPφ901，我们最初发现它整合在从尿液中分离出的大肠杆菌的临床分离物中。UPφ901 和密切相关的噬菌体可以在 200 多种其他细菌的已发表基因组中找到，包括克氏柠檬酸杆菌、肠沙门氏菌、小肠结肠炎耶尔森氏菌和肺炎克雷伯菌。它的近亲一直存在于尿路感染患者的尿液或血液和粪便中。在与其他环境（包括污水、水、土壤和受污染的食物）的分离物中可以找到更远亲。这些噬菌体中的每一个，我们统称为“UPφ病毒”，也包含两个或更多功能未知的新基因。