We aimed to analyze the efficacy of cytarabine + aclarubicin + recombinant human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF, i.e. CAG) regimen combined with decitabine in the clinical treatment of adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In total, 68 patients with adult AML were randomized into observation and control groups by random sampling. The control group (n = 34) was treated with CAG regimen alone and the observation group (n = 34) with CAG regimen combined with decitabine; the two groups were compared in terms of effective rate, incidence of adverse reactions, hemoglobin level, and blood progenitor cell and white blood cell counts. The observation and control groups exhibited a total effective rate of 85.29% and 61.76% after treatment, respectively (P < 0.05). During follow-up, recurrence and survival rates were 11.76% and 85.29% in the observation group and 32.36% and 61.76% in the control group, respectively (P < 0.05), indicating better results in the former group. CAG regimen combined with decitabine was superior to CAG regimen alone in treating adult AML. However, our study is limited by a small sample size, short follow-up period, few study indices, and low sufficiently representative results, warranting further studies.

我们旨在分析阿糖胞苷+阿克拉比星+重组人粒细胞集落刺激因子（G-CSF，即CAG）方案与地西他滨联合治疗成人急性髓细胞性白血病（AML）的疗效。通过随机抽样，共有68例成人AML患者被随机分为观察组和对照组。对照组（n  = 34）单独接受CAG方案治疗，观察组（n  = 34）接受CAG方案联合地西他滨治疗。比较两组的有效率，不良反应发生率，血红蛋白水平以及祖细胞和白细胞计数。观察组和对照组治疗后总有效率分别为85.29％和61.76％（P <0.05）。随访期间，观察组的复发率和生存率分别为11.76％和85.29％，对照组为32.36％和61.76％（P  <0.05），表明前一组的结果更好。CAG方案联合地西他滨治疗成人AML优于单独使用CAG方案。但是，我们的研究受限于样本量小，随访时间短，研究指标少以及代表性较低的结果，有待进一步研究。