In this study, a three-dimension (3D) computational model was proposed to investigate the flow and heat transfer characteristics of the intake grilles of two different fuel cell vehicles. The models of the intake grilles were constructed according to the actual sizes of two vehicles, namely, Roewe 950 and Toyota Mirai, considering the heat dissipation unit to simplify the heat transfer model of the vehicle. The results showed that relative to Roewe 950, Mirai intake air flow rate was approximately 10% higher, the heat transfer capacity was approximately 7% higher, and the intake grille area was larger. The coolant outlet temperature of Mirai was lower than that of Roewe 950, which was beneficial for the long term and stable operation of a fuel cell. This comparative study provided guidance for the intake grille and radiator design of fuel cell vehicles. The only difference between fuel cell vehicles on the market and conventional vehicles was that in the former, the internal combustion engine was replaced with a fuel cell stack, which had insufficient heat transfer capacity because of the reducing temperature difference. Increasing the intake grille area and the heat exchange capacity of the radiator were the key issues for the development of fuel cell vehicles. In this study, an optimal window opening angle of the radiator fin of 23° provided a maximal heat transfer coefficient.

在这项研究中，提出了一个三维（3D）计算模型来研究两种不同燃料电池汽车的进气格栅的流动和传热特性。进气格栅的模型根据荣威950和丰田Mirai两辆车的实际尺寸构造，并考虑了散热装置以简化车辆的传热模型。结果表明，相对于Roewe 950，Mirai进气流量约高10％，传热能力约高7％，进气格栅面积更大。Mirai的冷却液出口温度低于Roewe 950的温度，这有利于燃料电池的长期稳定运行。这项比较研究为燃料电池汽车的进气格栅和散热器设计提供了指导。市场上的燃料电池车辆与常规车辆之间的唯一区别在于，在前者中，内燃机被燃料电池堆代替，该燃料电池堆由于减小的温度差而没有足够的传热能力。增加进气格栅面积和散热器的热交换能力是燃料电池汽车发展的关键问题。在这项研究中，散热片的最佳开窗角为23°，可提供最大的传热系数。由于温差减小，其传热能力不足。增加进气格栅面积和散热器的热交换能力是燃料电池汽车发展的关键问题。在这项研究中，散热片的最佳开窗角为23°，可提供最大的传热系数。由于温差减小，其传热能力不足。增加进气格栅面积和散热器的热交换能力是燃料电池汽车发展的关键问题。在这项研究中，散热片的最佳开窗角为23°，可提供最大的传热系数。