This paper presents a numerical study on a sperm swimming in a viscous fluid by using an immersed boundary-lattice Boltzmann method (IB-LBM). The sperm is modeled simply by integrating a slender tail and an elliptical head. By applying a tail traveling wave vertical to the wall, a sperm swims near a surface is simulated. Based on which the corresponding swimming velocity, pressure, and shear stress are analyzed, and the mechanisms of accumulation and acceleration in the swimming process are further investigated. It is found when getting close to the wall, the integration of pressure gradient around the sperm increases, and then, the sperm is accelerated. On the other hand, we also observed that the integration of pressure gradient toward the wall tends to raise; this means a more considerable attraction from the wall occurs. These results provide us some new insights to understand the phenomena of the sperm’s wall acceleration and wall accumulation. Moreover, the variations of the pressure and shear stress indices on the sperm suggested that some perceptible mechanical information based on the flow can be formed. Which reminded us that sperm might be able to sense the flow and adjust its motion.

本文通过浸没边界格子玻尔兹曼法（IB-LBM）提出了一种在粘性流体中游动精子的数值研究。精子仅通过整合细长的尾巴和椭圆形的头部即可建模。通过施加垂直于壁的尾部行波，可以模拟在表面附近游动的精子。在此基础上分析了相应的游泳速度，压力和剪切应力，并进一步研究了游泳过程中的累积和加速机理。发现当靠近壁时，精子周围的压力梯度的积分增加，然后，精子被加速。另一方面，我们还观察到朝向壁的压力梯度的积分趋于上升；这意味着从墙壁上会产生更大的吸引力。这些结果为我们提供了一些新的见解，以了解精子壁加速和壁积聚的现象。此外，精子上压力和切应力指数的变化表明，可以形成一些基于流动的可察觉的机械信息。这提醒我们，精子也许能够感知血流并调节其运动。