Recombinant DNA technology, in which artificially “cut and pasted” DNA in vitro is introduced into living cells, contributed extensively to the rapid development of molecular biology over the past 5 decades since the latter half of the 20^th century. Although the original technology required special experiences and skills, the development of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) has greatly eased in vitro genetic manipulation for various experimental methods. The current development of a simple genome-editing technique using CRISPR-Cas9 gave great impetus to molecular biology. Genome editing is a major technique for elucidating the functions of many unknown genes. Genetic manipulation technologies rely on enzymes that act on DNA. It involves artificially synthesizing, cleaving, and ligating DNA strands by making good use of DNA-related enzymes present in organisms to maintain their life activities. In this review, I focus on key enzymes involved in the development of genetic manipulation technologies.

重组DNA技术，其中人为“切割和粘贴” DNA在体外引入到活体细胞中，由于20的后半段，在过去50年广泛促成分子生物学的快速发展^个世纪。尽管原始技术需要特殊的经验和技能，但聚合酶链反应（PCR）的发展已大大简化了体外各种实验方法的遗传操作。使用CRISPR-Cas9的简单基因组编辑技术的最新发展极大地推动了分子生物学的发展。基因组编辑是阐明许多未知基因功能的一项主要技术。基因操纵技术依赖于作用于DNA的酶。它涉及通过充分利用生物体中存在的DNA相关酶来维持其生命活动，来人工合成，切割和连接DNA链。在这篇综述中，我将重点介绍与基因操纵技术发展有关的关键酶。