Abstract The adhesive properties of a self-prepared bio-based epoxy resin with native cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) are evaluated in this article. The porosity of actual CNCs is high. The most promising finding is the acquisition of high tensile modulus. The addition of CNC composites significantly increased the tensile modulus at lower wt.%, and the maximum crystallinity of CNCs was obtained. Bearing in mind the advantages of CNCs, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed a uniform distribution of concentrated CNCs. Clusters were formed at higher CNCs ratios, and the composite matrix content with high CNCs produced good expansion, low crystallinity, and increased elongation. Our analysis showed that the original CNCs were more evenly distributed in the self-prepared bio-based epoxy resin, which enhanced transformation, supported by improved dispersion of native CNCs. The presence of native CNCs greatly improved and enhanced the bonding performance of the bio-based epoxy resin in the interface area. Enhancing the mechanical properties of native CNCs has broad application prospects in environmental areas. This suggests that the widespread use of native CNCs in environmental engineering applications is feasible, especially in terms of adhesives properties.

中文翻译：

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纤维素纳米晶添加剂增强生物基环氧树脂的粘接性能

摘要 本文评估了具有天然纤维素纳米晶体 (CNC) 的自制备生物基环氧树脂的粘合性能。实际 CNC 的孔隙率很高。最有希望的发现是获得了高拉伸模量。CNC 复合材料的加入显着提高了在较低重量百分比下的拉伸模量，并获得了 CNC 的最大结晶度。考虑到 CNC 的优势，扫描电子显微镜 (SEM) 显示集中的 CNC 分布均匀。簇在较高的 CNCs 比率下形成，具有高 CNCs 的复合基体含量产生良好的膨胀、低结晶度和增加的伸长率。我们的分析表明，原始的 CNCs 更均匀地分布在自备的生物基环氧树脂中，这增强了转化，由改进的原生 CNC 分散支持。天然CNCs的存在极大地改善和增强了界面区域生物基环氧树脂的粘合性能。提高原生 CNC 的机械性能在环境领域具有广阔的应用前景。这表明在环境工程应用中广泛使用原生 CNC 是可行的，尤其是在粘合剂性能方面。