A large-scale nuclear event has the ability to inflict mass casualties requiring point-of-care and laboratory-based diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers to inform victim triage and appropriate medical intervention. Extensive progress has been made to develop post-exposure point-of-care biodosimetry assays and to identify biomarkers that may be used in early phase testing to predict the course of the disease. Screening for biomarkers has recently extended to identify specific metabolomic and lipidomic responses to radiation using animal models. The objective of this review was to determine which metabolites or lipids most frequently experienced perturbations post-ionizing irradiation (IR) in preclinical studies using animal models of acute radiation sickness (ARS) and delayed effects of acute radiation exposure (DEARE). Upon review of approximately 65 manuscripts published in the peer-reviewed literature, the most frequently referenced metabolites showing clear changes in IR induced injury were found to be citrulline, citric acid, creatine, taurine, carnitine, xanthine, creatinine, hypoxanthine, uric acid, and threonine. Each metabolite was evaluated by specific study parameters to determine whether trends were in agreement across several studies. A select few show agreement across variable animal models, IR doses and timepoints, indicating that they may be ubiquitous and appropriate for use in diagnostic or prognostic biomarker panels.

中文翻译：

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放射损伤生物标志物代谢组学和脂质组学候选物的系统评价。

大规模核事件有可能造成大规模伤亡，需要现场护理和基于实验室的诊断和预后生物标志物，以便为受害者分类和适当的医疗干预提供信息。在开发暴露后护理点生物剂量测定法以及识别可用于早期测试以预测疾病进程的生物标志物方面已取得了广泛进展。生物标志物的筛选最近已扩展到使用动物模型来识别对辐射的特定代谢组学和脂质组学反应。本综述的目的是确定在使用急性放射病（ARS）和急性辐射暴露延迟效应（DEARE）动物模型的临床前研究中哪些代谢物或脂质最常经历电离辐射（IR）后的扰动。在对同行评审文献中发表的约 65 篇手稿进行审查后，发现在 IR 诱导损伤中显示出明显变化的最常引用的代谢物是瓜氨酸、柠檬酸、肌酸、牛磺酸、肉碱、黄嘌呤、肌酐、次黄嘌呤、尿酸、和苏氨酸。通过特定的研究参数评估每种代谢物，以确定多项研究的趋势是否一致。少数几个在不同的动物模型、IR剂量和时间点上表现出一致性，表明它们可能普遍存在并且适合用于诊断或预后生物标志物组。