This review aims to synthesize the current knowledge of sediment dynamics using insights from long‐term research conducted in the watershed draining to the Chesapeake Bay, the largest estuary in the U.S., to inform management actions to restore the estuary and its watershed. The sediment dynamics of the Chesapeake are typical of many impaired watersheds and estuaries around the world, and this synthesis is intended to be relevant and transferable to other sediment‐impaired systems. The watershed's sediment sources, transport, delivery, and impacts are discussed with implications for effectively implementing best management practices (BMPs) to mitigate sediment issues. This synthesis revealed three key issues to consider when planning actions to reduce sediment loading: Scale, time, and land use. Geology and historical land use generated a template that current land use and climate, in addition to management, are acting upon to control sediment delivery. Important sediment sources in the Chesapeake include the Piedmont physiographic region, urban, and agricultural land use, and streambank erosion of headwater streams, whereas floodplain trapping is important along larger streams and rivers. Implementation of BMPs is widespread and is predicted to lead to decreased sediment loading; however, reworking of legacy sediment stored in stream valleys, with potentially long residence times in storage, can delay and complicate detection of the effects of BMPs on sediment loads. In conclusion, the improved understanding of sediment sources, storage areas, and transport lag times reviewed here can help target choices of BMP types and locations to better manage sediment problems—for both local streams and receiving waters.

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沉积物动力学及其对管理的意义：美国切萨皮克湾流域的长期研究得出的科学状态

这篇综述旨在利用对美国最大河口切萨皮克湾的流域进行的长期研究得出的见解，综合当前的泥沙动力学知识，以指导管理人员采取行动恢复河口及其流域。切萨皮克群岛的沉积物动力学是世界上许多受损的流域和河口的典型特征，该合成旨在与其他沉积物受损系统相关并转移。讨论了流域的沉积物来源，运输，输送和影响，对有效实施最佳管理措施（BMP）以减轻沉积物问题具有影响。该综合揭示了在计划减少泥沙负荷的行动时要考虑的三个关键问题：规模，时间和土地使用。地质和历史土地利用产生了一个模板，除管理外，当前土地利用和气候还可以用来控制沉积物的输送。切萨皮克（Chesapeake）的重要沉积物来源包括皮埃蒙特（Piedmont）地理区域，城市和农业用地以及上游水流的河岸侵蚀，而洪泛区的诱集对较大的河流和河流很重要。BMPs的实施十分普遍，预计会导致泥沙量减少。但是，对河谷中存储的传统沉积物进行再加工，可能会延长存储时间，这可能会使BMP对沉积物负荷的影响延迟并使检测复杂化。总之，对沉积物来源，存储区域，