The paper introduces a procedure to automatically identify key vehicle characteristics from vibrations data collected on a suspension bridge. The primary goal is to apply a model of the dynamic displacement response of a long‐span suspension bridge to traffic loading, suitable for automatic identification of the vehicle passage over the bridge. The second goal is to improve the estimation of the structural damping of the bridge deck by utilizing the free‐decay displacement response induced by the passing vehicles. The vehicles responsible for a significant bridge vertical response are first identified using an outlier analysis and a clustering algorithm. Utilizing a moving mass model, the equivalent mass and speed of each vehicle, as well as its arrival time, are assessed in a least‐squares sense. The computed vertical displacement response shows a remarkably good agreement with the full‐scale data in terms of peak values and root‐mean‐square values of the displacement histories. The data acquired on the Lysefjord Bridge (Norway) indicate that the contribution of heavy traffic loading to the combined effects of wind and traffic excitation may be significant even at mean wind speeds above 10 m s⁻¹. The critical damping ratios of the most significant vibrational modes of the Lysefjord Bridge are studied for low wind velocities, using the time‐decomposition technique and the traffic‐induced free‐decay response of the bridge deck. The structural damping ratios estimated this way are found to be more accurate than those obtained with an automated covariance‐driven stochastic subspace identification algorithm applied to the same dataset.

中文翻译：

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使用数据驱动的车辆诱发振动识别来改进大跨度桥梁建模

本文介绍了一种程序，该程序可根据在悬索桥上收集的振动数据自动识别关键的车辆特性。主要目标是将大跨度悬索桥的动态位移响应模型应用于交通负荷，以适合于自动识别桥梁上的车辆通道。第二个目标是通过利用过往车辆引起的自由衰减位移响应来改善对桥面板结构阻尼的估计。首先使用异常值分析和聚类算法来识别导致桥梁垂直响应显着的车辆。利用移动质量模型，以最小二乘的方式评估每辆车的等效质量和速度及其到达时间。在位移历史的峰值和均方根值方面，计算得到的垂直位移响应与全尺寸数据显示出非常好的一致性。在Lysefjord桥（挪威）上获得的数据表明，即使在平均风速超过10 ms时，大交通负荷对风和交通激励的联合效应的贡献也可能很大。^-1。使用时间分解技术和交通引起的桥面板自由衰减响应，研究了Lysefjord桥最重要振动模式的临界阻尼比，以用于低风速。发现以这种方式估算的结构阻尼比比使用自动协方差驱动的随机子空间识别算法应用于相同数据集所获得的结构阻尼比更为精确。