Land‐use intensification for agricultural purposes modifies the structure of natural environments in various ways and at different spatial scales. These modifications can affect ecological processes and the community structure of multi‐environment users such as solitary bees and wasps. Understanding the role of distinct habitat descriptors in promoting such changes is one of the major challenges of empirical studies. In this study, we use a multi‐scale approach to evaluate how landscape compositional and configurational heterogeneity, vegetation structural complexity, and the proportion of agricultural landscape composition affect communities of bees and wasps that nest in pre‐existing cavities in remnants of native vegetation bordering agroecosystems. We selected 25 sampling points along a gradient of amount of surrounding agriculture and landscape diversity within natural physiognomies located in Chapada Diamantina, Bahia, Brazil. Through model selection using Akaike's information criterion, we verified the complementary roles of landscape heterogeneity and local vegetation in structuring these hymenopteran communities. Abundance in the groups showed different tendencies depending on the descriptors employed, pointing to the importance of evaluating within‐group specificity. Furthermore, bees and wasps presented differential responses to landscape composition, but they did not differ in relation to configurational complexity. In more heterogeneous landscapes or sites with more complex local vegetation, the proportion of agriculture had a positive influence on the response evaluated. Efficient management of agricultural landscapes therefore requires increased landscape heterogeneity and conservation or restoration of native vegetation remnants at the local scale.

中文翻译：

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异质农业生态系统支持热带作物中诱集性蜜蜂和黄蜂的高度多样性和丰富性

农业用地集约化以各种方式和不同的空间规模改变了自然环境的结构。这些修改会影响生态过程和多环境使用者（如独居蜂和黄蜂）的群落结构。了解不同栖息地描述符在促进此类变化中的作用是经验研究的主要挑战之一。在这项研究中，我们使用多尺度方法来评估景观成分和构型的异质性，植被结构的复杂性以及农业景观成分的比例如何影响蜂巢和蜂巢的巢穴，这些蜂巢和蜂巢筑巢于原生植被边界附近的既有洞中农业生态系统。我们在巴西巴伊亚州查帕达·迪亚曼蒂纳（Chapada Diamantina）的自然地貌学中，沿着周围农业和景观多样性梯度选择了25个采样点。通过使用赤池信息准则进行模型选择，我们验证了景观异质性和局部植被在构造这些膜翅目群落中的互补作用。各组中的丰富度显示出不同的趋势，具体取决于所采用的描述符，这表明评估组内特异性的重要性。此外，蜜蜂和黄蜂对景观组成表现出不同的响应，但是它们在配置复杂性方面没有差异。在异质性景观或本地植被较复杂的地点，农业比例对评估的响应有积极影响。