Objectives

The aim of this paper is to assess linear enamel hypoplasia (LEH) on canines of adults from early modern Wroclaw cemeteries to compare δ¹³C and δ¹⁸O values in enamel formed before, during and after LEH formation, and to attempt to find a link between the selected indicators of the weaning process.

Material and methods

15 permanent canines with visible LEH were selected for analysis. Age at LEH formation was estimated using the Reid and Dean method. The perikymata count was used to estimate the duration of LEH formation. Incremental stable oxygen and carbon isotopes analysis was performed on tooth enamel to infer stress related to weaning and dietary patterns. Kruskal–Wallis ANOVA, Mann–Whitney U test and Spearman correlation were used in statistical inference.

Results

The average age of LEH formation was 3.14 years, with an average duration of 111 days. Stable carbon isotope values consistently increase in 73% of the individuals sampled. The values of δ¹⁸O do not show a dominant pattern. The average value of δ¹³C increases over the time of enamel formation. The δ¹³C values collected below LEH were negatively correlated with δ¹⁸O values and the duration of LEH termination.

Conclusions

Marking of carbon and oxygen isotopes indicates different stages of weaning. Advancements in diet change (determined by higher δ¹³C) corresponds with faster recovery after physiological stress episode. There is no evidence for different breastfeeding models between distinct parishes in early modern Wroclaw.

中文翻译：

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评估断奶压力-波兰弗罗茨瓦夫早期现代公墓获得的牙釉质发育不全，牙齿中δ18O和δ13C值之间的关系。

目标

本文的目的是评估线性釉质发育不全（LEH）从早期现代弗罗茨瓦夫墓地成年人犬齿比较δ ¹³ C和δ ^18个在搪瓷期间和之后LEH形成之前形成，O值，并试图找到一个断奶过程中所选指标之间的链接。

材料与方法

选择15个可见LEH的永久犬进行分析。使用Reid和Dean方法估算LEH形成的年龄。周膜计数被用来估计LEH形成的持续时间。对牙釉质进行了增量稳定的氧和碳同位素分析，以推断与断奶和饮食模式有关的压力。统计推断使用Kruskal–Wallis方差分析，Mann–Whitney U检验和Spearman相关性。

结果

LEH形成的平均年龄为3.14岁，平均持续时间为111天。稳定的碳同位素值在73％的采样个体中持续增加。δ值¹⁸ o不要表现出主导模式。平均值的δ ^13个以上的瓷漆形成时间C增加。的δ ¹³收集下面LEH C值与δ呈负相关^18个O值和终止LEH的持续时间。

结论

碳和氧同位素的标记指示断奶的不同阶段。在饮食变化进步（由更高的δ确定¹³相当于与生理应激事件后较快恢复C）。在现代弗罗茨瓦夫早期，不同教区之间没有不同的母乳喂养模式的证据。