Abstract The process of adsorption of toxic metals from the use of clays as adsorbents has been investigated in numerous studies. Clays are in fact good adsorbents of metal ions in solution. A challenge that this type of process brings would be the use of clays after the adsorption of metal ions in their structures. This work aimed to evaluate the crystalline structures of ceramics produced with clays contaminated with galvanic sludge and with liquid effluents from jewelry factories that use electroplating. The manufacturing process for ceramic composites followed the protocols used in the manufacture of bricks and tiles. For that, controlled quantities of galvanic sludge and liquid effluents were added to the clay masses used in the manufacture of ceramic pieces and later burning in an industrial oven. It is observed by the results of X-ray fluorescence that the metallic ions Zn (II), Ni (II) and Cu (II) are incorporated into the structure of the ceramics when using galvanic sludge. However, this was not observed when using liquid effluent. The use of X-ray diffraction techniques, Raman spectroscopy and FT-IR, shows that from the structural point of view the analyzed samples did not undergo significant changes, only a progressive decrease in the intensity of the kaolinite, montmorillonite and quartz peaks.

中文翻译：

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陶瓷基体中振电成形术保留能力的振动光谱和分析

摘要 许多研究已经研究了使用粘土作为吸附剂吸附有毒金属的过程。粘土实际上是溶液中金属离子的良好吸附剂。这种类型的工艺带来的挑战是在粘土的结构中吸附金属离子后使用粘土。这项工作旨在评估用被电镀污泥污染的粘土和使用电镀的珠宝工厂的液体流出物生产的陶瓷的晶体结构。陶瓷复合材料的制造过程遵循砖瓦制造中使用的协议。为此，将受控数量的电镀污泥和液体流出物添加到用于制造陶瓷件的粘土块中，然后在工业烤箱中燃烧。通过 X 射线荧光结果观察到金属离子 Zn (II)、Ni (II) 和 Cu (II) 在使用电偶污泥时掺入到陶瓷结构中。然而，当使用液体流出物时没有观察到这一点。X 射线衍射技术、拉曼光谱和 FT-IR 的使用表明，从结构的角度来看，分析的样品没有发生显着变化，只是高岭石、蒙脱石和石英峰的强度逐渐降低。