Abstract Nanocomposites consisting of two-dimensional (2D) nanostructured fillers embedded in a polymer matrix find ample opportunities to design multifunctional materials for new applications stemming from the nanofillers’ exceptional properties. Despite similar geometries, different 2D materials such as graphene, hexagonal boron nitrides, MXene, and transition metal dichalcogenides exhibit vastly different electrical, thermal, optical and electromagnetic characteristics, providing an exciting pathway to creating composites with tailored multifunctional properties. The key is to rationally assemble 2D nanostructured fillers in the matrix with controlled multiscale structures so that their unique properties can be translated into the composites. This paper is dedicated to offering an overview of recent advances empowering the development of 2D nanofiller/polymer composites in the context of novel synthesis and assembly techniques, multiscale structural characteristics, multifunctional properties and emergent applications. Special emphasis is placed on identifying the critical relationships between the material parameters, processing conditions, structures created and properties of final products across nano-, micro-, and macroscales. The real-world understanding enables rational design of composites toward multifunctional applications in the emerging fields of flexible electronics, wearable sensors, energy storage, conversion and harvesting.

中文翻译：

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面向多功能应用的聚合物纳米复合材料二维纳米填料的合理设计

摘要 由嵌入聚合物基质中的二维 (2D) 纳米结构填料组成的纳米复合材料为设计多功能材料提供了充足的机会，这些材料源于纳米填料的卓越性能。尽管几何形状相似，但不同的 2D 材料（如石墨烯、六方氮化硼、MXene 和过渡金属二硫属化物）表现出截然不同的电、热、光学和电磁特性，为创建具有定制多功能特性的复合材料提供了令人兴奋的途径。关键是在具有可控多尺度结构的基体中合理组装二维纳米结构填料，以便将其独特的性能转化为复合材料。本文旨在概述在新型合成和组装技术、多尺度结构特征、多功能特性和新兴应用背景下开发二维纳米填料/聚合物复合材料的最新进展。特别强调确定材料参数、加工条件、创建的结构和最终产品在纳米、微米和宏观尺度上的特性之间的关键关系。对现实世界的理解使复合材料的合理设计能够在柔性电子、可穿戴传感器、能量存储、转换和收集等新兴领域实现多功能应用。多功能特性和新兴应用。特别强调确定材料参数、加工条件、创建的结构和最终产品在纳米、微米和宏观尺度上的特性之间的关键关系。对现实世界的理解使复合材料的合理设计能够在柔性电子、可穿戴传感器、能量存储、转换和收集等新兴领域实现多功能应用。多功能特性和新兴应用。特别强调确定材料参数、加工条件、创建的结构和最终产品在纳米、微米和宏观尺度上的特性之间的关键关系。对现实世界的理解使复合材料的合理设计能够在柔性电子、可穿戴传感器、能量存储、转换和收集等新兴领域实现多功能应用。