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Spatially resolved thermometry during laser ablation in tissues: Distributed and quasi-distributed fiber optic-based sensing
Optical Fiber Technology ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.yofte.2020.102295
Federica Morra , Martina De Landro , Sanzhar Korganbayev , Alexey Wolf , Alexander Dostovalov , Alfredo Cigada , Paola Saccomandi

Abstract This work assesses quasi-distributed Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBGs) and Rayleigh scattering-based distributed sensing for accurate and millimeter resolved thermometry in media undergoing laser ablation. Mono-, two- and three-dimensional temperature measurements were performed with a network of 1 mm-long FBGs in 10-25-40-FBGs-arrays and distributed-sensing fiber with gauge lengths (GL) of 5.2 and 1.3 mm. Results confirm that the lower the spatial resolution of the sensors, the highest the root mean square error (RMSE) and temperature underestimation with respect to reference sensors (25-FBGs array). Compared to 1 mm-long FBGs, distributed sensing with 5.2 mm GL provided RMSE >7 °C and underestimation >16 °C in agar-gel phantom. Signal-to-noise ratio over time and temperature standard deviation over temperature show better performances of FBGs over distributed sensors. Indeed, any improvement of spatial resolution for distributed sensors determines an increase of noise in the signal. The three-dimensional measurement performed with 420 FBGs with 1 mm-sensing length demonstrated the spatial and thermal gradient occurring in the pancreas undergoing LA, reaching 28 °C over 5 mm. Millimeter-resolved FBGs proved to be effective for accurate thermometry in laser irradiated tissues, and potentially usable in clinical applications.

中文翻译:

组织中激光消融过程中的空间分辨温度测量:分布式和准分布式光纤传感

摘要 这项工作评估了准分布式光纤布拉格光栅 (FBG) 和基于瑞利散射的分布式传感,以便在进行激光烧蚀的介质中进行精确的毫米分辨率测温。使用 10-25-40-FBG 阵列中 1 毫米长的 FBG 网络和标距 (GL) 为 5.2 和 1.3 毫米的分布式传感光纤进行单维、二维和三维温度测量。结果证实,相对于参考传感器(25-FBG 阵列),传感器的空间分辨率越低,均方根误差 (RMSE) 和温度低估最高。与 1 mm 长的 FBG 相比,5.2 mm GL 的分布式传感在琼脂凝胶体模中提供的 RMSE > 7 °C 和低估 > 16 °C。随时间变化的信噪比和随温度变化的温度标准偏差显示出 FBG 优于分布式传感器的性能。事实上,分布式传感器空间分辨率的任何改进都决定了信号中噪声的增加。使用 420 个具有 1 mm 传感长度的 FBG 进行的三维测量表明,在经历 LA 的胰腺中发生了空间和热梯度,超过 5 mm 达到 28 °C。事实证明,毫米分辨率的 FBG 可有效用于激光照射组织中的准确温度测量,并有可能用于临床应用。使用 420 个具有 1 mm 传感长度的 FBG 进行的三维测量表明,在经历 LA 的胰腺中发生了空间和热梯度,超过 5 mm 达到 28 °C。事实证明,毫米分辨率的 FBG 可有效用于激光照射组织中的准确温度测量,并有可能用于临床应用。使用 420 个具有 1 mm 传感长度的 FBG 进行的三维测量表明,在经历 LA 的胰腺中发生了空间和热梯度,超过 5 mm 达到 28 °C。事实证明,毫米分辨率的 FBG 可有效用于激光照射组织中的准确温度测量,并有可能用于临床应用。
更新日期:2020-09-01
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