Abstract In orthopedic surgery, thermal damage of bone affects the accuracy of the prosthesis fixation and delays the postoperative recovery time. In order to avoid thermal damage in high-speed bone machining, it is necessary to establish an effective relationship among machining parameters, tool parameters, and temperature distribution of bone materials. Based on the characteristics of bone material and high-speed processing, this study proposes a novel temperature diffusion mechanism model (TDMM) in high-speed bone milling. According to the model, heat during high-speed bone milling is mainly generated by the friction effect between the bone chip and the cutter tooth. Then the cutting edge temperature of the milling cutter is determined by the equivalent static heat source, and cutting edge is regarded as a moving heat source with constant temperature. Under the action of the moving heat source, the bone material temperature distribution was determined. Moreover, the degree of thermal damage of bone materials under different machining and tool parameters was evaluated. Next, a high-speed bone milling experiment platform was established, in order to obtain accurate cutting edge temperature and bone material temperature. According to a large number of experimental measurements, the theoretical prediction temperature values of the cutting edge and bone materials were found to be within the reasonable error range of experimental measurements. The proposed model was proved to reasonably predict the temperature of the cutting edge and bone materials in high-speed bone milling. Experimental results indicate that the processing methods, tool diameter, cooling method, and cutting layer have a noteworthy impact on bone material distribution in bone milling. Spray cooling method can reduce the bone material temperature significantly. And the bone material temperature outside the cutting layer can be greatly lower than that in the cutting layer. This study also indicates that according to the TDMM, it is convenient for surgeons to select the appropriate machining parameters, and for engineers to optimize tool design.

中文翻译：

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高速骨铣削温度扩散机理建模与实验验证

摘要 在骨科手术中，骨的热损伤会影响假体固定的准确性，延迟术后恢复时间。为了避免高速骨加工中的热损伤，需要在加工参数、刀具参数和骨材料的温度分布之间建立有效的关系。本研究基于骨材料和高速加工的特点，提出了一种新的高速骨铣削温度扩散机制模型（TDMM）。根据该模型，高速骨铣削过程中产生的热量主要是由骨屑与刀齿之间的摩擦作用产生的。然后由等效静态热源确定铣刀的切削刃温度，切削刃被视为恒温的移动热源。在移动热源的作用下，确定骨材料的温度分布。此外，还评估了不同加工和刀具参数下骨材料的热损伤程度。接下来，建立高速骨铣实验平台，以获得准确的切削刃温度和骨材料温度。根据大量的实验测量，发现切削刃和骨材料的理论预测温度值在实验测量的合理误差范围内。证明该模型可以合理地预测高速骨铣削过程中切削刃和骨材料的温度。实验结果表明，加工方法、刀具直径、冷却方式和切削层对骨铣削过程中骨材料分布有显着影响。喷雾冷却法可显着降低骨料温度。并且切割层外的骨材料温度可以大大低于切割层内的骨材料温度。该研究还表明，根据 TDMM，外科医生可以方便地选择合适的加工参数，并便于工程师优化刀具设计。并且切割层外的骨材料温度可以大大低于切割层内的骨材料温度。该研究还表明，根据 TDMM，外科医生可以方便地选择合适的加工参数，并便于工程师优化刀具设计。并且切割层外的骨材料温度可以大大低于切割层内的骨材料温度。该研究还表明，根据 TDMM，外科医生可以方便地选择合适的加工参数，并便于工程师优化刀具设计。