Abstract Recent studies have shown that water-soluble fluorescent dyes can be used as miniemulsion stabilizers to avoid a series of deficiencies in traditional stabilizers. However, visual means to demonstrate the stabilizing performance of water-soluble dyes are still scarce. In this study, the principle of fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) is combined with dual emission of fluorescent polystyrene nanoparticles prepared by miniemulsion polymerization. For this purpose, 4-(1,2,2-triphenylethyl) phenylundecene-10-enoate (TPE-Aly) was employed as aggregation induced emission (AIE) dye and donor and Eosin Y as acceptor and stabilizer. The polymer molecular weight, particle size and size distribution of the nanoparticles were optimized by regulating the amount of Eosin Y and ultrasonication time, respectively. The average number of Eosin Y molecules per nanoparticle was firstly estimated by combining dialysis and Lambert-Beer law. FRET between TPE-Aly and Eosin Y indicates the presence of Eosin Y on the surface of the polymer nanoparticles. With increasing concentration of Eosin Y, the as-prepared dual-emission nanoparticles display a decreasing particle size along with an enhancing FRET efficiency. Moreover, various stability tests show that Eosin Y can be used as an excellent stabilizer for miniemulsion polymerization and has broad application prospects in the field of functional materials research.

中文翻译：

---

曙红 Y 在细乳液聚合中的双重功能：稳定剂和 FRET 受体

摘要 近年来的研究表明，水溶性荧光染料可作为微乳液稳定剂，避免了传统稳定剂的一系列不足。然而，证明水溶性染料稳定性能的视觉手段仍然很少。在这项研究中，荧光共振能量转移 (FRET) 的原理与通过细乳液聚合制备的荧光聚苯乙烯纳米粒子的双发射相结合。为此，采用 4-(1,2,2-三苯乙基) 苯基十一烯-10-烯酸酯 (TPE-Aly) 作为聚集诱导发射 (AIE) 染料和供体，曙红 Y 作为受体和稳定剂。分别通过调节曙红Y的用量和超声处理时间来优化纳米颗粒的聚合物分子量、粒径和粒径分布。首先通过结合透析和朗伯比尔定律估计每个纳米颗粒的曙红 Y 分子的平均数量。TPE-Aly 和曙红 Y 之间的 FRET 表明聚合物纳米颗粒表面上存在曙红 Y。随着 Eosin Y 浓度的增加，所制备的双发射纳米粒子显示出减小的粒径以及增强的 FRET 效率。此外，各项稳定性测试表明，曙红Y可作为优良的细乳液聚合稳定剂，在功能材料研究领域具有广阔的应用前景。所制备的双发射纳米粒子显示出减小的粒径以及增强的 FRET 效率。此外，各项稳定性测试表明，曙红Y可作为优良的细乳液聚合稳定剂，在功能材料研究领域具有广阔的应用前景。所制备的双发射纳米粒子显示出减小的粒径以及增强的 FRET 效率。此外，各项稳定性测试表明，曙红Y可作为优良的细乳液聚合稳定剂，在功能材料研究领域具有广阔的应用前景。