Alkaline aluminum-air batteries show great potential for energy storage applications because of their high theoretical energy density and low cost. However, they are suffering from severe anodic self-corrosion and the gelation of electrolyte which greatly reduce the practical energy density and shelf life. Herein, we firstly construct an efficient high-energy alkaline Al-air battery based on high-concentration potassium acetate-potassium hydroxide electrolyte and prototype optimization. The self-corrosion of Al anode is greatly suppressed owing to the special hydrate structure in such electrolyte. The Al-air battery with optimum electrolyte demonstrates remarkable increased discharge capacity of 2324 mAh g⁻¹, and the constructed miniaturized Al-air battery enables an outstanding system energy density of 436.1 Wh kg⁻¹ (compared with 85.8 Wh kg⁻¹ of normal electrolyte) after integrating a discharge product removing system. This work opens up a new direction for the practical realization of high-energy, low-cost, and high-efficiency alkaline Al-air battery and other aqueous metal-air batteries.

碱性铝空气电池具有较高的理论能量密度和低成本，因此在储能应用中显示出巨大的潜力。然而，它们遭受严重的阳极自腐蚀和电解质的胶凝，这大大降低了实际的能量密度和保存期限。在此，我们首先基于高浓度乙酸钾-氢氧化钾电解液和原型优化，构建了一种高效的高能碱性铝空气电池。由于这种电解质中特殊的水合物结构，大大抑制了铝阳极的自腐蚀。具有最佳电解质的铝制空气电池的放电容量显着增加，达到2324 mAh g ^-1，并且集成了放电产物去除系统后，构造的微型Al-空气电池可实现436.1 Wh kg ^-1的出色系统能量密度（与普通电解液的85.8 Wh kg ^-1相比）。这项工作为高能量，低成本，高效率的碱性铝空气电池和其他水性金属空气电池的实际实现开辟了新的方向。