Crop production in acid soils is facing enormous challenges due to low soil quality associated with an increase in the acidification rate and aluminum toxicity. Despite comprehensive prior work with biochar application on nutrient availability and crop productivity in acid soils, little information is available about the recommendation or standardization of biochar application rates that are more suitable for soil fertility improvement under different soil environments (physico-chemical properties) for maximizing the benefits of biochar applications and minimizing the potential environmental risk. Thus, the objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of poultry litter (PL) and poultry litter biochar (PLB) in ameliorating the fertility of acid soils through incubation and pot experiments. The soil was amended with different materials as follows; lime (1 g kg⁻¹), PL (5, 10 and 15 g kg⁻¹) and PLB (5, 10 and 15 g kg⁻¹) along with control (non-amended). A pot experiment was also conducted using similar treatments to observe the responses of maize crop to the different amendments. The results indicated an increase in the pH and a decrease in exchangeable acidity in lime, PL and PLB amended soils. Lower soil pH, base cations and soil available phosphorus (P), and higher exchangeable acidity were found in control than the amended soils. Compared to PL and lime, PLB achieved greater increase rate in soil pH and reduction rate in soil exchangeable acidity with increased soil exchangeable base cations. An increase in soil available calcium (Ca) was observed in the lime treatment, while in PL and PLB treatments, there was an increase in soil available Ca, magnesium (Mg), potassium (K) and P. Application of the amendments increased availability of nitrogen (N), P, K, Ca and Mg relative to the control for maize in the pot experiment. When PL and PLB amendments were compared, it was found that the PLB was the best choice for the amelioration of acid soils as well as nutrient uptake by maize plants. It is suggested that application of PLB at the rate of 15 g kg⁻¹ is suitable for maize growth in acid soils.

由于土壤质量低下，酸化速率和铝毒性增加，酸性土壤中的农作物生产面临着巨大挑战。尽管在酸性土壤中应用生物炭进行过全面的前期工作以了解养分的有效性和作物生产力，但很少有关于推荐或标准化生物炭施用量的信息，这些建议或标准更适合于不同土壤环境（物理化学性质）下土壤肥力的最大化。生物炭应用的好处并最大程度地减少了潜在的环境风险。因此，本研究的目的是通过孵化和盆栽试验研究家禽垫料（PL）和家禽垫料生物炭（PLB）在改善酸性土壤肥力方面的有效性。用不同的材料对土壤进行如下修改：石灰（1克/公斤^-1），PL（5、10和15 g kg ^-1）和PLB（5、10和15 g kg ^-1）以及控件（未修改）。还使用类似的处理方法进行了盆栽试验，以观察玉米作物对不同改良剂的反应。结果表明，石灰，PL和PLB改良土壤的pH值升高，可交换酸度降低。与改良土壤相比，对照中的土壤pH值较低，碱性阳离子和土壤有效磷（P）较高，可交换酸度较高。与PL和石灰相比，PLB在土壤pH值上的增加速率更大，而在土壤中可交换酸度的降低速率更大，而土壤中可交换的碱金属阳离子增加。在石灰处理中，土壤有效钙（Ca）有所增加，而在PL和PLB处理中，土壤有效钙，镁（Mg），钾（K）和P有所增加。应用修正案可提高可用性氮（P），钾，在盆栽实验中，相对于玉米的对照而言，钙和镁含量较高。当对PL和PLB改良剂进行比较时，发现PLB是改善酸性土壤以及玉米植物吸收养分的最佳选择。建议以15 g kg的用量施用PLB^-1适用于酸性土壤中的玉米生长。