Abstract The deterioration of the ecological environment has prompted new requirements for the development of the supply chain. People urgently need to solve the problems of building a green supply chain and formulating reasonable environmental policies. This research considers a green supply chain management problem that includes both retail and direct channels. The government sets a product green standard and offers an environmental subsidy to the manufacturer. Only when the product satisfies the standard can the manufacturer obtain an eco-label. In this study, we focus on two types of green products with different green technologies. This paper is dedicated to revealing the impact that this eco-label policy has on different products. Using game theory and mathematical programming methods, we obtain the optimal prices in the two channels, as well as the optimal green standard and subsidy. By analyzing the results, we find that a growing green standard can increase the environmental benefits of development-intensive green products continuously. However, it is not always good to set increasing green standards for marginal cost-intensive green products. Therefore, the performances of the two types of products are different. These findings allow the manufacturer and the retailer to design suitable strategies for different products. Moreover, these findings also provide guidance to the government when implementing an eco-label policy.

中文翻译：

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生态标签政策双通道绿色供应链管理：两种绿色产品的视角

摘要 生态环境的恶化对供应链的发展提出了新的要求。人们迫切需要解决构建绿色供应链和制定合理的环境政策的问题。本研究考虑了包括零售和直销渠道在内的绿色供应链管理问题。政府制定产品绿色标准，并为制造商提供环保补贴。只有产品符合标准，制造商才能获得生态标签。在本研究中，我们关注两种具有不同绿色技术的绿色产品。本文致力于揭示该生态标签政策对不同产品的影响。使用博弈论和数学规划方法，我们获得了两个渠道中的最优价格，以及最优的绿色标准和补贴。通过分析结果，我们发现不断提高的绿色标准可以不断提高开发密集型绿色产品的环境效益。然而，为边际成本密集型绿色产品设定越来越高的绿色标准并不总是好的。因此，两种产品的性能是不同的。这些发现使制造商和零售商能够为不同的产品设计合适的策略。此外，这些发现还为政府实施生态标签政策提供了指导。为边际成本密集型绿色产品制定越来越高的绿色标准并不总是好的。因此，两种产品的性能是不同的。这些发现使制造商和零售商能够为不同的产品设计合适的策略。此外，这些发现还为政府实施生态标签政策提供了指导。为边际成本密集型绿色产品制定越来越高的绿色标准并不总是好的。因此，两种产品的性能是不同的。这些发现使制造商和零售商能够为不同的产品设计合适的策略。此外，这些发现还为政府实施生态标签政策提供了指导。