This work presents an overview of terahertz (THz) spectroscopy with a focus on its implementation within microfluidic platforms. Such platforms are of great interest because they can enable label-free and reagent-free sensing. However, they must be implemented with thought towards the incorporated materials and structures as they can greatly impact the bandwidth, frequency resolution, signal-to-noise ratio, and dynamic range of the measurements. This review explores such relationships with insight given on the design and material considerations for the effective integration of THz spectroscopy in microfluidic platforms. The review also describes recent work on the application of THz spectroscopy to biomaterial analyses on increasing scales, targeting DNA, proteins, cells, and tissues.

这项工作概述了太赫兹（THz）光谱，重点是在微流体平台中的实现。这样的平台引起了极大的兴趣，因为它们可以实现无标签和无试剂的传感。但是，在实现它们时必须考虑所包含的材料和结构，因为它们会极大地影响带宽，频率分辨率，信噪比和测量的动态范围。这篇综述探索了这种关系，并提供了在微流体平台上有效集成太赫兹光谱的设计和材料方面的见识。这篇综述还描述了将太赫兹光谱技术应用于以DNA，蛋白质，细胞和组织为目标的规模越来越大的生物材料分析的最新工作。