Based on the importance of device modelling for the optimal operation of combined cooling, heating and power (CCHP) microgrids and load shifting for the demand-side response, the partial load ratio (PLR) and constant efficiency (CE) models of the main devices on the system operation are studied. Nonlinear PLR models of gas turbines, boilers and chillers are constructed. A piecewise least squares linearization method is proposed. Shiftable load models of cooling, heating and electricity are established, and load shifting is carried out. System optimization models with multiple optimization objectives are constructed and solved by a CPLEX solver. To compare the effects of different equipment models on the optimal operation under load shifting, different targets and heat-to-electricity ratios are given. The results show that compared with the segment broken-line linearization and least squares linearization method, the proposed method reduces the standard error of the performance curve by at least 20.97% and 75.49%, respectively. With different optimization objectives, the positive advantage of load shifting is related to the heat-to-electricity ratio. Using different heat-to-electricity ratios, the sensitivity of the optimization results of the PLR models to the heat-to-electricity ratio is higher than that of the CE models. The optimal operational effect of load shifting on different objectives of the PLR model is significantly better than that of the CE model. The model selection of the gas turbine, heating recovery steam generator and electric chiller with either the PLR or CE model demonstrates a considerable impact on the system operational results.

基于设备建模对于优化冷热电联产（CCHP）微电网的最佳运行以及针对需求方响应的负荷转移的重要性，主要设备的部分负荷比（PLR）和恒定效率（CE）模型对系统的运行进行了研究。建立了燃气轮机，锅炉和冷水机组的非线性PLR模型。提出了一种分段最小二乘线性化方法。建立了制冷，制热和电力的可移动负荷模型，并进行了负荷转移。具有多个优化目标的系统优化模型由CPLEX求解器构建和求解。为了比较不同设备模型对负荷转移下最佳运行的影响，给出了不同的目标和热电比。结果表明，与分段折线线性化和最小二乘线性化方法相比，该方法将性能曲线的标准误差分别降低了至少20.97％和75.49％。通过不同的优化目标，负载转移的积极优势与热电比相关。使用不同的热电比，PLR模型的优化结果对热电比的敏感性高于CE模型。负载转移对PLR模型的不同目标的最佳操作效果明显优于CE模型。燃气轮机的选型